وَقَالُوا لَنْ تَمَسَّنَا النَّارُ إِلَّا أَيَّامًا مَعْدُودَةً ۚ قُلْ أَتَّخَذْتُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَهْدًا فَلَنْ يُخْلِفَ اللَّهُ عَهْدَهُ ۖ أَمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
And they say, "Never will the Fire touch us, except for a few days." Say, "Have you taken a covenant with Allah? For Allah will never break His covenant. Or do you say about Allah that which you do not know?"
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(And they say: The Fire (of punishment) will not touch us save for a certain number of days…) [2:80].Isma'il ibn Abi al-Qasim al-Sufi informed us> Abu'l-Husayn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Hamid al-'Attar>Ahmad ibn al-Hasan ibn 'Abd al-Jabbar> Abu'l-Qasim 'Abd Allah ibn Sa'd al-Zuhri> his father and paternaluncle> their father> Ibn Ishaq> Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad> 'Ikrima> Ibn 'Abbas who said: “Allah'sMessenger, Allah bless him and give him peace, came to Medina and found the Jews saying: 'This worldlylife will last seven thousand years. And for every one thousand years of the days of this worldly life peoplewill be tormented in hell fire for one day of the days of the Afterlife. Thus, the torment will last for onlyseven days'. Allah, exalted is He, revealed concerning this saying: (And they say: The Fire (of punishment)will not touch us save for a certain number of days)”. Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Tamimi informedus> 'Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Hayyan> Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Razi> Sahl ibn 'Uthman>Marwan ibn Mu'awiyah> Juwaybir> al-Dahhak> Ibn 'Abbas said concerning the verse (And they say: TheFire (of punishment) will not touch us save for a certain number of days): “The people of the Book found outthat from one end of hell fire to the other a journey of forty years was needed, and, therefore, they said:'We shall not be tormented in hell fire except for the period of time specified in the Torah'. And so theyproceeded in their torment until they reached Saqar wherein is the tree of Zaqqum until the certain numberof days which they mentioned came to an end. The denizens of hell fire then said to them: 'you claimed youwill not be tormented in hell fire except for a certain number of days. Well, those certain number of days haselapsed, but eternity remains' ”.
وَقَالُواْ لَن تَمَسَّنَا النَّارُ إِلاَّ أَيَّامًا مَّعْدُودَةً قُلْ أَتَّخَذْتُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ عَهْدًا فَلَن يُخْلِفَ اللَّهُ عَهْدَهُ أَمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ
(80. And they (Jews) say, "The Fire shall not touch us but for a few numbered days.'' Say (O Muhammad to them): "Have you taken a covenant from Allah, so that Allah will not break His covenant Or is it that you say of Allah what you know not'')
Allah mentioned the claim of the Jews, that the Fire will only touch them for a few days, and then they will be saved from it. Allah refuted this claim by saying,
قُلْ أَتَّخَذْتُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ عَهْدًا
(Say (O Muhammad to them): "Have you taken a covenant from Allah'). Hence, the Ayah proclaims, `if you had a promise from Allah for that, then Allah will never break His promise. However, such promise never existed. Rather, what you say, about Allah, you have no knowledge of and you thus utter a lie about Him.' Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said about the Ayah,
وَقَالُواْ لَن تَمَسَّنَا النَّارُ إِلاَّ أَيَّامًا مَّعْدُودَةً
(And they (Jews) say, "The Fire shall not touch us but for a few numbered days.''). "The Jews said, `The Fire will only touch us for forty days.''' Others added that this was the period during which the Jews worshipped the calf. Also, Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr bin Marduwyah reported Abu Hurayrah saying, لَمَّا فُتِحَتْ خَيْبَرُ أُهْدِيَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِصلى الله عليه وسلّم شَاةٌ فِيهَا سُمٌّ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى الله عليه وسلّم:
«اجْمَعُوا لِي مَنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ ههُنَا»
. فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى الله عليه وسلّم:
«مَنْ أَبُوكُم»
؟ قَالُوا: فُلَانٌ قَالَ:
«كَذَبْتُمْ بَلْ أَبُوكُمْ فُلَان»
. فَقَالُوا: صَدَقْتَ وَبَرَرْتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ:
«هَلْ أَنْتُمْ صَادِقِيَّ عَنْ شَيءٍ إِنْ سَأَلْتُكُمْ عَنْه»
؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ وَإِنْ كَذَبْنَاكَ عَرَفْتَ كَذْبَنَا كَمَا عَرَفْتَهُ فِي أَبِينَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى الله عليه وسلّم:
«مَنْ أَهْلُ النَّارِ »
؟ فَقَالُوا: نَكُونُ فِيهَا يَسِيرًا ثُمَّ تَخْلُفُونَا فِيهَا فَقَالَ لَهُم رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلّم:
«اخْسَئُوا وَاللهِ لَا نَخْلُفُكُمْ فِيهَا أَبَدًا»
. ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِصلى الله عليه وسلّم:
«هَلْ أَنْتُمْ صَادِقِيَّ عَنْ شَيءٍ إِنْ سَأَلْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ؟»
قَالُوا: نَعَمْ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ، قَالَ:
«هَلْ جَعَلْتُمْ فِي هذِهِ الشَّاةِ سُمًّا؟»
فَقَالُوا: نَعَمْ قَالَ:
«فَمَا حَمَلَكُم عَلى ذلِكَ؟»
فَقَالُوا: أَرَدْنَا إِنْ كُنْتَ كَاذِبًا أَنْ نَسْتَرِيحَ مِنْكَ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ نَبِيًّا لَمْ يَضُرَّكَ. (When Khaybar was conquered, a roasted poisoned sheep was presented to the Prophet as a gift (by the Jews). The Messenger of Allah ordered, `Assemble before me all the Jews who were here.' The Jews were summoned and the Prophet said (to them), `Who is your father' They replied, `So-and-so.' He said, `You have lied; your father is so-and-so.' They said, `You have uttered the truth.' He said, `Will you now tell me the truth, if I ask you about something' They replied, `Yes, O Abul-Qasim; and if we should tell a lie, you will know our lie as you have about our fathers.' On that he asked, `Who are the people of the (Hell) Fire' They said, `We shall remain in the (Hell) Fire for a short period, and after that you will replace us in it.' The Prophet said, `May you be cursed and humiliated in it! By Allah, we shall never replace you in it.' Then he asked, `Will you tell me the truth if I ask you a question' They said, `Yes, O Abul-Qasim.' He asked, `Have you poisoned this sheep' They said, `Yes.' He asked, `What made you do so' They said, `We wanted to know if you were a liar, in which case we would get rid of you, and if you were a Prophet then the poison would not harm you.') Imam Ahmad, Al-Bukhari and An-Nasa'i recorded similarly.
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Yakni sudahkah kamu mengambil perjanjian dari Allah untuk beriman kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya serta ta'at kepada-Nya, karena perjanjian inilah yang dapat menyelamatkan seseorang dari neraka.
Setelah menyebutkan perbuatan-perbuatan mereka yang buruk, kemudian Allah menerangkan bahwa mereka masih saja menganggap bersih diri mereka, bersaksi bahwa mereka akan selamat dari azab Allah dan bahwa mereka tidak tersentuh oleh neraka selain hanya beberapa hari saja. Dengan demikian, mereka menggabungkan antara perbuatan dosa dan rasa aman, keburukan apa lagi yang lebih besar daripada ini?! Terhadap sangkaan mereka ini, Allah membantah dengan firman-Nya di atas dan ayat setelahnya. Allah menerangkan bahwa kebenaran dakwaan mereka itu tergantung dua hal yang tidak ada lagi ketiganya: pertama, apakah mereka sudah menerima janji dari Allah. Kedua, atau mereka mengatakan tentang Allah sesuatu yang mereka tidak ketahui. Untuk yang pertama jelas tidak. Hal ini dapat diketahui dari keadaan mereka yang tidak mengambil janji dari Allah karena mereka mendustakan para nabi bahkan sebagian di antaranya mereka bunuh, mereka sering melakukan pelanggaran, membatalkan perjanjian dan lain-lain. Oleh karena itu, yang benar adalah yang kedua, yakni mereka mengatakan tentang Allah sesuatu yang mereka tidak ketahui, padahal mengatakan tentang Allah sesuatu yang tidak diketahui termasuk dosa yang sangat besar.
