Surah At-Talaaq Verse 6

أَسْكِنُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ سَكَنْتُمْ مِنْ وُجْدِكُمْ وَلَا تُضَارُّوهُنَّ لِتُضَيِّقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ ۚ وَإِنْ كُنَّ أُولَاتِ حَمْلٍ فَأَنْفِقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ حَتَّىٰ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ ۚ فَإِنْ أَرْضَعْنَ لَكُمْ فَآتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ ۖ وَأْتَمِرُوا بَيْنَكُمْ بِمَعْرُوفٍ ۖ وَإِنْ تَعَاسَرْتُمْ فَسَتُرْضِعُ لَهُ أُخْرَىٰ



Lodge them [in a section] of where you dwell out of your means and do not harm them in order to oppress them. And if they should be pregnant, then spend on them until they give birth. And if they breastfeed for you, then give them their payment and confer among yourselves in the acceptable way; but if you are in discord, then there may breastfeed for the father another woman.

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أَسْكِنُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ سَكَنتُم مِّن وُجْدِكُمْ وَلاَ تُضَآرُّوهُنَّ لِتُضَيِّقُواْ عَلَيْهِنَّ وَإِن كُنَّ أُوْلَـتِ حَمْلٍ فَأَنفِقُواْ عَلَيْهِنَّ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ فَإِنْ أَرْضَعْنَ لَكُمْ فَـَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَأْتَمِرُواْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَإِن تَعَاسَرْتُمْ فَسَتُرْضِعُ لَهُ أُخْرَى - لِيُنفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِّن سَعَتِهِ وَمَن قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْيُنفِقْ مِمَّآ ءَاتَاهُ اللَّهُ لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلاَّ مَآ ءَاتَاهَا سَيَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ عُسْرٍ يُسْراً

(6. Lodge them where you dwell, according to what you have, and do not harm them so as to suppress them. And if they are pregnant, then spend on them till they lay down their burden. Then if they suckle the children for you, give them their due payment, and let each of you deal with each other in a mannerly way. But if you make difficulties for one another, then some other woman may suckle for him.)

(7. Let the rich man spend according to his means; and the man whose resources are restricted, let him spend according to what Allah has given him. Allah puts no burden on any person beyond what He has given him. Allah will grant after hardship, ease.)

The Divorced Woman has the Right to Decent Accommodations, and what is Reasonable

Allah the Exalted orders His faithful servants that when one of them divorces his wife, he should provide housing for her until the end of her `Iddah period,

أَسْكِنُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ سَكَنتُم

(Lodge them where you dwell,) means, with you,

مِّن وُجْدِكُمْ

(according to what you have,) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and several others said, it refers to "Your ability.'' Qatadah said, "If you can only afford to accommodate her in a corner of your house, then do so.''

Forbidding Ill-Treatment of Divorced Women

Allah's statement,

وَلاَ تُضَآرُّوهُنَّ لِتُضَيِّقُواْ عَلَيْهِنَّ

(and do not harm them in order to suppress them.) Muqatil bin Hayyan said, "meaning, do not annoy her to force her to pay her way out nor expel her from your house.'' Ath-Thawri said from Mansur, from Abu Ad-Duha:

وَلاَ تُضَآرُّوهُنَّ لِتُضَيِّقُواْ عَلَيْهِنَّ

(and do not harm them in order to suppress them) "He divorces her, and when a few days remain, he takes her back.''

The Irrevocable Divorced Pregnant Woman has the Right of Support (Maintenance) from Her Husband until She gives Birth

Allah said,

وَإِن كُنَّ أُوْلَـتِ حَمْلٍ فَأَنفِقُواْ عَلَيْهِنَّ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ

(And if they are pregnant, then spend on them till they lay down their burden.) This is about the woman who is irrevocably divorced. If she is pregnant, then she is to be spent on her until she lays down her burden. This is supported due to the fact that if she is revocably divorced, the she has then right to receive her support (maintenance) whether she is pregnant or not.

The Divorced Mother may take Compensation for suckling Her Child

Allah said,

فَإِنْ أَرْضَعْنَ لَكُمْ

(Then if they suckle them for you,) meaning, when pregnant women give birth and they are irrevocably divorced by the expiration of the `Iddah, then at that time they may either suckle the child or not. But that is only after she nourishes him with the milk, that is the early on milk which the infant's well-being depends upon. Then, if she suckles, she has the right to compensation for it. She is allowed to enter into a contract with the father or his representative in return for whatever payment they agree to. This is why Allah the Exalted said,

فَإِنْ أَرْضَعْنَ لَكُمْ فَـَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ

(Then if they suckle the children for you, give them their due payment,) Allah said,

وَأْتَمِرُواْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِمَعْرُوفٍ

(and let each of you deal with each other in a mannerly way.) meaning, the affairs of the divorced couple should be managed in a just way without causing harm to either one of them, just as Allah the Exalted said in Surat Al-Baqarah,

لاَ تُضَآرَّ وَلِدَةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا وَلاَ مَوْلُودٌ لَّهُ بِوَلَدِهِ

(No mother shall be treated unfairly on account of her child, nor father on account of child.) (2:233) Allah said,

وَإِن تَعَاسَرْتُمْ فَسَتُرْضِعُ لَهُ أُخْرَى

(But if you make difficulties for one another, then some other woman may suckle for him.) meaning, if the divorced couple disagrees, because the woman asks for an unreasonable fee for suckling their child, and the father refuses to pay the amount or offers an unreasonable amount, he may find another woman to suckle his child. If the mother agrees to accept the amount that was to be paid to the woman who agreed to suckle the child, then she has more right to suckle her own child. Allah's statement,

لِيُنفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِّن سَعَتِهِ

(Let the rich man spend according to his means;) means, the wealthy father or his representative should spend on the child according to his means,

وَمَن قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْيُنفِقْ مِمَّآ ءَاتَاهُ اللَّهُ لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلاَّ مَآ ءَاتَاهَا

(and the man whose resources are restricted, let him spend according to what Allah has given him. Allah puts no burden on any person beyond what He has given him.) This is as Allah said,

لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا

(Allah does not burden a person beyond what He can bear.) 2:286

A Story of a Woman who had Taqwa

Allah's statement;

سَيَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ عُسْرٍ يُسْراً

(Allah will grant after hardship, ease.) This is a sure promise from Him, and indeed, Allah's promises are true and He never breaks them, This is an Allah's saying;

فَإِنَّ مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْراً - إِنَّ مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْراً

(Verily, along with every hardship is relief. Verily, along with every hardship is relief.) 94:5-6 There is a relevant Hadith that we should mention here. Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "A man and his wife from an earlier generation were poor. Once when the man came back from a journey, he went to his wife saying to her, while feeling hunger and fatigued, `Do you have anything to eat' She said, `Yes, receive the good news of Allah's provisions.' He again said to her, `If you have anything to eat, bring it to me.' She said, `Wait a little longer.' She was awaiting Allah's mercy. When the matter was prolonged, he said to her, `Get up and bring me whatever you have to eat, because I am real hungry and fatigued.' She said, `I will. Soon I will open the oven's cover, so do not be hasty.' When he was busy and refrained from insisting for a while, she said to herself, `I should look in my oven.' So she got up and looked in her oven and found it full of the meat of a lamb, and her mortar and pestle was full of seed grains; it was crushing the seeds on its own. So, she took out what was in the mortar and pestle, after shaking it to remove everything from inside, and also took the meat out that she found in the oven.'' Abu Hurayrah added, "By He in Whose Hand is the life of Abu Al-Qasim (Prophet Muhammad )! This is the same statement that Muhammad said,

«لَوْ أَخَذَتْ مَا فِي رَحْيَيْهَا وَلَمْ تَنْفُضْهَا (لَطَحَنَتْهَا) إِلى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَة»

(Had she taken out what was in her mortar and not emptied it fully by shaking it, it would have continued crushing the seeds until the Day of Resurrection.)''

Anda harus untuk dapat menambahkan tafsir

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Submit : 2015-04-01 02:13:32
Link sumber: http://tafsir.web.id/

Telah disebutkan sebelumnya, bahwa Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala melarang mengeluarkan wanita-wanita yang ditalak dari rumah, dan di ayat ini Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala memerintahkan untuk memberi mereka tempat tinggal. Ukuran tempat tinggal adalah secara ma’ruf (wajar) yaitu rumah yang biasa ditempati oleh orang yang semisal si laki-laki dan si wanita (standar) sesuai kemampuan suami.

Yakni jangan menyusahkan mereka ketika mereka (istri-istri) menempati tempat tinggal itu baik dengan kata-kata maupun perbuatan dengan maksud agar mereka bosan sehingga mereka keluar dari rumah sebelum sempurna ‘iddahnya yang berarti kamu sama saja mengeluarkan mereka dari rumahmu. Kesimpulan ayat ini adalah larangan mengeluarkan mereka dari rumah, dan larangan bagi mereka (wanita yang ditalak) keluar dari rumah suami mereka serta perintah untuk memberi mereka tempat tinggal dengan cara yang tidak menimbulkan bahaya dan kesulitan, dan hal ini dikembalikan kepada ‘uruf (kebiasaan yang berlaku).

Hal itu karena kandungan yang ada di perutnya jika wanita itu ditalak ba’in, namun jika ditalak raj’i, maka infak itu karena wanita itu dan kandungannya, dan nafkah berakhir sampai wanita itu melahirkan kandungannya. Jika mereka telah melahirkan kandungannya, maka mereka bisa menyusukan anak mereka atau tidak. Jika mereka menyusukan (anak-anak)mu, maka berikanlah imbalannya kepada mereka.

Yang sudah ditentukan untuk mereka, jika belum ditentukan maka dengan upah mitsil (standar).

Yakni hendaknya masing-masing dari suami dan istri serta selain dari keduanya bermusyawarah dengan baik.

Untuk membuat kesepakatan terhadap upah yang diberikan, atau bermusyawarah untuk hal yang bermanfaat dan bermaslahat di dunia dan akhirat bagi keduanya dan bagi anak mereka, karena melalaikannya dapat menimbulkan keburukan dan bahaya yang banyak yang tidak diketahui kecuali oleh Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala. Di samping itu, dalam bermusyawarah terdapat tolong-menolong terhadap kebaikan dan takwa. Termasuk yang perlu diterangkan pula di sini adalah bahwa suami dan istri ketika berpisah di masa ‘iddah, khususnya apabila lahir anak dari keduanya, biasanya terjadi pertengkaran dalam hal menafkahi si wanita dan si anak, yakni ketika sudah berpisah yang biasanya terjadi karena kebencian, dimana dari kebencian timbul banyak masalah. Oleh karena itulah, mereka diperintahkan bermusyawarah, berbuat baik, bermu’amalah secara baik, tidak bermusuhan dsb.

Misalnya tidak terjadi kesepakatan agar si ibu menyusukan anaknya, maka bisa dicarikan wanita lain untuk menyusukan anaknya sebagaimana firman Allah Ta’ala, “Maka tidak ada dosa bagimu apabila kamu memberikan pembayaran menurut yang patut.” (Terj. Al Baqarah: 233). Hal ini apabila si anak menerima tetek selain ibunya, namun jika tidak menerima selain tetek ibunya, maka ibunya ditetapkan untuk menyusukannya dan diwajibkan kepadanya. Jika si ibu menolak, maka dipaksa, dan ia akan memperoleh imbalan standar jika tidak terjadi kesepakatan terhadap jumlah imbalannya. Hal ini diambil dari kandungan ayat tersebut dari sisi makna yang tersirat di dalamnya. Hal itu, karena anak berada di perut ibunya selama masa kehamilan, dimana ia (si anak) tidak dapat keluar darinya, maka Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala menetapkan agar walinya menafkahi. Ketika sudah lahir, dan berkemungkinan si anak mendapatkan makanan dari ibunya atau dari selainnya, maka Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala membolehkan hal tersebut (menyusukan dari ibunya atau dari wanita lain). Tetapi, jika si anak tidak dapat memperoleh makanan kecuali dari ibunya, maka ia seperti kandungan yang di perut ibunya dan ibunya ditetapkan untuk menyusukannya sebagai jalan untuk memberinya makan.