وَمِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجْتَ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۚ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةٌ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ فَلَا تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَاخْشَوْنِي وَلِأُتِمَّ نِعْمَتِي عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ
And from wherever you go out [for prayer], turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram. And wherever you [believers] may be, turn your faces toward it in order that the people will not have any argument against you, except for those of them who commit wrong; so fear them not but fear Me. And [it is] so I may complete My favor upon you and that you may be guided.
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وَمِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجْتَ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَإِنَّهُ لَلْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَـفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ - وَمِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجْتَ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنتُمْ فَوَلُّواْ وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ لِئَلاَّ يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةٌ إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنْهُمْ فَلاَ تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَاخْشَوْنِى وَلاٌّتِمَّ نِعْمَتِى عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ
(149. And from wheresoever you start forth (for prayers), turn your face in the direction of Al-Masjid Al-Haram (at Makkah), that is indeed the truth from your Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.)
(150. And from wheresoever you start forth (for prayers), turn your face in the direction of Al-Masjid Al-Haram (at Makkah), and wheresoever you are, turn your faces towards it (when you pray) so that men may have no argument against you except those of them that are wrongdoers, so fear them not, but fear Me!
And so that I may complete My blessings on you and that you may be guided.)
This is a third command from Allah to face Al-Masjid Al-Haram (the Sacred Mosque) from every part of the world (during prayer). It was said that Allah mentioned this ruling again here because it is connected to whatever is before and whatever is after it. Hence, Allah first said:
قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَآءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا
(Verily, We have seen the turning of your (Muhammad's) face towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qiblah (prayer direction) that shall please you) (2:144), until:
وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَـبَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمْ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَـفِلٍ عَمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ
(Certainly, the people who were given the Scripture (i.e., Jews and the Christians) know well that, that (your turning towards the direction of the Ka`bah at Makkah in prayers) is the truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.) (2:144) Allah mentioned in these Ayat His fulfillment of the Prophet's wish and ordered him to face the Qiblah that he liked and is pleased with. In the second command, Allah said:
وَمِنْ حَيْثُ خَرَجْتَ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَإِنَّهُ لَلْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَـفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
(And from wheresoever you start forth (for prayers), turn your face in the direction of Al-Masid Al-Haram that is indeed the truth from your Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.) Therefore, Allah states here that changing the Qiblah is also the truth from Him, thus upgrading the subject more than in the first Ayah, in which Allah agreed to what His Prophet had wished for. Thus Allah states that this is also the truth from Him that He likes and is pleased with. In the third command, Allah refutes the Jewish assertion that the Prophet faced their Qiblah, as they knew in their Books that the Prophet will later on be commanded to face the Qiblah of Ibrahim, the Ka`bah. The Arab disbelievers had no more argument concerning the Prophet's Qiblah after Allah commanded the Prophet to face the Qiblah of Ibrahim, which is more respected and honored, rather than the Qiblah of the Jews. The Arabs used to honor the Ka`bah and liked the fact that the Messenger was commanded to face it.
Allah said:
لِئَلاَّ يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةٌ
(...so that men may have no argument against you) Therefore, the People of the Book knew from the description of the Muslim Ummah that they would be ordered to face the Ka`bah. If the Muslims did not fit this description, the Jews would have used this fact against the Muslims. If the Muslims had remained on the Qiblah of Bayt Al-Maqdis, which was also the Qiblah of the Jews, this fact could have been used as the basis of argument by the Jews against other people. Allah's Statement:
إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنْهُمْ
(...except those of them that are wrongdoers,) indicates the Mushrikin (polytheists) of Quraysh. The reasoning of these unjust persons was the unsound statement: "This man (Muhammad) claims that he follows the religion of Ibrahim! Hence, if his facing Bayt Al-Maqdis was a part of the religion of Ibrahim, why did he change it'' The answer to this question is that Allah has chosen His Prophet to face Bayt Al-Maqdis first for certain wisdom, and he obeyed Allah regarding this command. Then, Allah changed the Qiblah to the Qiblah of Ibrahim, which is the Ka`bah, and he also obeyed Allah in this command. He, obeys Allah in all cases and never engages in the defiance of Allah even for an instant, and his Ummah imitates him in this. Allah said:
فَلاَ تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَاخْشَوْنِى
(. ..so fear them not, but fear Me!) meaning: `Do not fear the doubts that the unjust, stubborn persons raise and fear Me Alone.' Indeed, Allah Alone deserves to be feared. Allah said:
وَلاٌّتِمَّ نِعْمَتِى عَلَيْكُمْ
(...so that I may complete My blessings on you.) This Ayah relates to Allah's statement:
لِئَلاَّ يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْكُمْ حُجَّةٌ
(...so that men may have no argument against you), meaning: I will perfect My bounty on you by legislating for you to face the Ka`bah, so that the (Islamic) Shari`ah (law) is complete in every respect. Allah said:
وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ
(...that you may be guided.), meaning: `To be directed and guided to what the nations have been led astray from, We have guided you to it and preferred you with it.' This is why this Ummah is the best and most honored nation ever.
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Perintah menghadap ke kiblat adalah agar ahli kitab dan kaum musyrikin tidak memiliki alasan lagi untuk menentang Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Hal itu, karena jika tetap menghadap ke Baitul Maqdis tentu orang-orang ahli kitab akan menegakkan hujjah kepada Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, karena yang disebutkan dalam kitab-kitab mereka adalah bahwa kiblat yang tetap bagi Beliau adalah Ka'bah Baitullah al haram. Sedangkan hujjah bagi orang-orang musyrikin ketika Beliau tetap menghadap ke Baitul Maqdis adalah perkataan yang akan timbul dari mereka, "Bagaimana Beliau berada di atas agama Nabi Ibrahim 'alaihis salam dan termasuk keturunannya, padahal Beliau tidak menghadap ke kiblatnya?!". Dengan demikian, setelah diadakan pemindahan kiblat, maka orang-orang ahli kitab dan kaum musyrikin sudah tidak memiliki hujjah lagi untuk menentang Beliau.
Yakni hanya orang-orang yang zalim saja yang coba-coba berhujjah, namun hujjah mereka tidak bersandar selain kepada hawa nafsu sehingga tidak perlu diladeni, karena tidak ada manfa'atnya berbantah dengan mereka.
Kita tidak perlu takut kepada mereka karena hujjah mereka batil, dan kita diperintahkan untuk takut kepada Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala saja, karena takut kepada-Nya merupakan asas semua kebaikan. Oleh karena itu, orang yang tidak takut kepada Allah Azza wa Jalla, ia tidak akan berhenti bermaksiat dan tetap tidak mau mengikuti perintah-Nya.
Yakni dengan tetap menjalankan perintah-Nya dan menjauhi larangan-Nya.
Berupa penyempurnaan syari'at. Dengan demikian, setiap syari'at yang ditetapkan merupakan nikmat yang besar. Dasar nikmat adalah memperoleh hidayah untuk mengikuti agama-Nya, setelah itu nikmat-nikmat yang lain yang melengkapi dasar tersebut, dimulai dari sejak diutusnya Beliau sampai wafat hingga syari'at pun sempurna.
Maksudnya: agar kita mengetahui yang hak dan dapat mengamalkannya. Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala karena rahmat-Nya telah memudahkan kepada hamba-hamba-Nya sebab-sebab untuk memperoleh hidayah dan mengingatkan mereka untuk menempuhnya. Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala juga menjelaskan hidayah itu sejelas-jelasnya, sampai-sampai ditetapkan untuk yang hak itu ada para penentangnya agar yang hak itu semakin jelas dan nampak serta yang batil semakin jelas kebatilannya. Hal itu, karena jika tidak ada kebatilan sebagai lawan yang hak tentu kebenaran itu akan samar bagi kebanyakan orang. Dengan ada lawannya maka segala sesuatu itu semakin jelas. Jika tidak ada malam tentu tidak akan diketahui kelebihan siang, jika tidak ada keburukan tentu tidak akan diketahui kelebihan yang baik, jika tidak ada kegelapan tentu tidak akan diketahui manfa'at cahaya, dan jika tidak ada kebatilan tentu kebenaran tidak akan jelas dan nampak, maka sehgala puji bagi Allah terhadap semua itu.
