Surah Al-Baqara Verse 284

لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۗ وَإِنْ تُبْدُوا مَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُمْ بِهِ اللَّهُ ۖ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ



To Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth. Whether you show what is within yourselves or conceal it, Allah will bring you to account for it. Then He will forgive whom He wills and punish whom He wills, and Allah is over all things competent.

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لِّلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَـوتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ اللَّهُ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

(284. To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth, and whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it. Then He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills. And Allah is able to do all things.)

Would the Servants be Accountable for What They Conceal in Their Hearts

Allah states that His is the kingship of the heavens and earth and of what and whoever is on or between them, that He has perfect watch over them. No apparent matter or secret that the heart conceals is ever a secret to Him, however minor it is. Allah also states that He will hold His servants accountable for what they do and what they conceal in their hearts. In similar statements, Allah said,

قُلْ إِن تُخْفُواْ مَا فِى صُدُورِكُمْ أَوْ تُبْدُوهُ يَعْلَمْهُ اللَّهُ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

(Say (O Muhammad ): "Whether you hide what is in your breasts or reveal it, Allah knows it, and He knows what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. And Allah is able to do all things) 3:29, and,

يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ وَأَخْفَى

(He knows the secret and that which is yet more hidden.) There are many other Ayat on this subject. In this Ayah 2:284, Allah states that He has knowledge of what the hearts conceal, and consequently, He will hold the creation accountable for whatever is in their hearts. This is why when this Ayah was revealed, it was hard on the Companions, since out of their strong faith and conviction, they were afraid that such reckoning would diminish their good deeds. Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "When

لِّلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَـوتِ وَمَا فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ اللَّهُ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

(To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth, and whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it, Allah will call you to account for it. Then He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills. And Allah is able to do all things) was revealed to the Messenger of Allah , it was very hard for the Companions of the Messenger . The Companions came to the Messenger and fell to their knees saying, `O Messenger of Allah! We were asked to perform what we can bear of deeds: the prayer, the fast, Jihad and charity. However, this Ayah was revealed to you, and we cannot bear it.' The Messenger of Allah said,

«أَتُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تَقُولُوا كَما قَالَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ: سَمِعْنَا وَعَصَيْنَا؟ بَلْ قُولُوا: سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِير»

(Do you want to repeat what the People of the Two Scriptures before you said, that is, `We hear and we disobey' Rather, say, `We hear and we obey, and we seek Your forgiveness, O our Lord, and the Return is to You.) When the people accepted this statement and their tongues recited it, Allah sent down afterwards,

ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَـئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لاَ نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّن رُّسُلِهِ وَقَالُواْ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ

(The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do)the believers. Each one believes in Allah, His Angels, His Books, and His Messengers. (They say,) "We make no distinction between one another of His Messengers ـ and they say, "We hear, and we obey. (We seek) Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the return (of all).'') When they did that, Allah abrogated the Ayah 2:284 and sent down the Ayah,

لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لاَ تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا

(Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned. "Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error.'') until the end.'' Muslim recorded it with the wording; "When they did that, Allah abrogated it 2:284 and sent down,

لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لاَ تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا

(Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned. "Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error''.) Allah said, `I shall (accept your supplication),'

رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا

("Our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which You did lay on those before us (Jews and Christians)'') Allah said, `I shall (accept your supplication),'

رَبَّنَا وَلاَ تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لاَ طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ

("Our Lord! Put not on us a burden greater than we have strength to bear. '') Allah said, `I shall (accept your supplication),'

وَاعْفُ عَنَّا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَآ أَنتَ مَوْلَـنَا فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَـفِرِينَ

("Pardon us and grant us forgiveness. Have mercy on us. You are our Mawla (Supporter and Protector) and give us victory over the disbelieving people.'') Allah said, `I shall.''' Imam Ahmad recorded that Mujahid said, "I saw Ibn `Abbas and said to him, `O Abu Abbas! I was with Ibn `Umar, and he read this Ayah and cried.' He asked, `Which Ayah' I said,

وَإِن تُبْدُواْ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ

`(And whether you disclose what is in yourselves or conceal it.)' Ibn `Abbas said, `When this Ayah was revealed, it was very hard on the Companions of the Messenger of Allah and worried them tremendously. They said: O Messenger of Allah! We know that we would be punished according to our statements and our actions, but as for what occurs in our hearts, we do not control what is in them.' The Messenger of Allah said,

«قُولُوا: سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا»

(Say, `We hear and we obey.') They said, `We hear and we obey.' Thereafter, this Ayah abrogated the previous Ayah,

ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ

(The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord, and (so do) the believers. Each one believes in Allah), until,

لاَ يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ

(Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned.) Therefore, they were pardoned what happens in their hearts, and were held accountable only for their actions.''' The Group recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

«إِنَّ اللهَ تَجَاوَزَ لِي عَنْ أُمَّتِي مَا حَدَّثَتْ بِهِ أَنْفُسَهَا مَالَمْ تَكَلَّمْ أَوْ تَعْمَل»

(Allah has pardoned my Ummah for what they say to themselves, as long as they do not utter it or act on it.) The Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

«قَالَ اللهُ: إِذَا هَمَّ عَبْدِي بِسَيِّئَةٍ فَلَا تَكْتُبُوهَا عَلَيهِ، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا سَيِّئَةً، وَإِذَا هَمَّ بِحَسَنَةٍ فَلَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا حَسَنَةً، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا فَاكْتُبُوهَا عَشْرًا»

(Allah said (to His angels), "If My servant intends to commit an evil deed, do not record it as such for him, and if he commits it, write it for him as one evil deed. If he intends to perform a good deed, but did not perform it, then write it for him as one good deed, and if he performs it, write it for him as ten good deeds.'')

ءَامَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَـئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ لاَ نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّن رُّسُلِهِ وَقَالُواْ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ

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Submit : 2015-04-01 02:13:31
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Imam Muslim meriwayatkan dari Abu Hurairah ia berkata: Ketika turun ayat kepada Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "Lillahi maa fis samaawaati wa maa fil ardh…dst. sampai "wallahu 'alaa kulli syai'in qadiir." Maka yang demikian membuat para sahabat Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam keberatan, lalu mereka mendatangi Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam sambil berlutut dan berkata, "Wahai Rasulullah, kami dibebani dengan amal berat yang kami tidak sanggup melakukannya. (Sudah ada beban) shalat, puasa, jihad dan sedekah. Sesungguhnya telah diturunkan kepadamu ayat ini (yakni ayat di atas) dan kami tidak sanggup memikulnya," maka Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam bersabda, "Apakah kamu ingin mengatakan seperti yang dikatakan dua Ahli Kitab sebelum kamu, yaitu, "Kami mendengar, namun kami mendurhakai? Bahkan katakanlah, "Kami mendengar dan kami taat. Ampunan-Mu wahai Tuhan kami, kami minta dan kepada-Mulah tempat kembali." Mereka pun berkata, "Kami mendengar dan kami taat. Ampunan-Mu yang Tuhan kami, kami minta dan kepada-Mulah tempat kembali." Ketika mereka telah mengucapkannya, maka lisan mereka pun tunduk mengikuti. Setelah itu, Allah menurunkan ayat, "Aamanar rasuulu bimaa unzila ilaihi mir rabbihii wal mu'minuun…dst." sampai "Wa ilaikal mashiir". Saat mereka telah melakukannya, Allah menasakhnya dan menurunkan ayat (yang artinya), "Allah tidak membebani seseorang melainkan sesuai dengan kesanggupannya. Dia mendapat pahala (dari kebajikan) yang dikerjakannya dan dia mendapat siksa (dari kejahatan) yang diperbuatnya. (Mereka berdoa), "Ya Tuhan Kami, janganlah Engkau hukum kami jika kami lupa atau kami melakukan kesalahan." Allah berfirman, "Ya.". selanjutnya, "Ya Tuhan Kami, janganlah Engkau membebani Kami beban yang berat sebagaimana Engkau bebankan kepada orang-orang sebelum kami" Allah berfirman, "Ya." Selanjutnya, "Ya Tuhan Kami, janganlah Engkau pikulkan kepada kami apa yang tidak sanggup kami memikulnya." Allah berfirman, "Ya." Selanjutnya, "Ma'afkanlah kami; ampunilah kami; dan rahmatilah kami. Engkaulah penolong Kami. Maka tolonglah kami menghadapi orang-orang kafir. " Allah berfirman, "Ya."

Alah memilikinya, mengaturnya dan meliputinya, tidaklah samar sesuatu pun bagi-Nya.

Saat turun ayat di atas, kaum muslimin mengeluhkan was-was yang kadang menimpa hati mereka, dan mereka keberatan dengan dihisabnya apa yang ada dalam hati mereka, maka turunlah ayat selanjutnya, yaitu ayat 286. Dengan turunnya ayat tersebut, berarti Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala memaafkan apa saja yang terlintas dalam hati dan tidak sampai diucapkan atau dikerjakan. Demikian juga, Allah memaafkan perbuatan dosa yang terjadi karena lupa dan tidak disengaja.

Termasuk di antaranya mampu menghisab dan memberikan balasan.