وَلَقَدْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبَادِي فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقًا فِي الْبَحْرِ يَبَسًا لَا تَخَافُ دَرَكًا وَلَا تَخْشَىٰ
And We had inspired to Moses, "Travel by night with My servants and strike for them a dry path through the sea; you will not fear being overtaken [by Pharaoh] nor be afraid [of drowning]."
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وَلَقَدْ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَى مُوسَى أَنْ أَسْرِ بِعِبَادِى فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقاً فِى الْبَحْرِ يَبَساً لاَّ تَخَافُ دَرَكاً وَلاَ تَخْشَى - فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ بِجُنُودِهِ فَغَشِيَهُمْ مِّنَ الْيَمِّ مَا غَشِيَهُمْ - وَأَضَلَّ فِرْعَوْنُ قَوْمَهُ وَمَا هَدَى
(77. And indeed We revealed to Musa: "Travel by night with My servants and strike a dry path for them in the sea, fearing neither to be overtaken nor being afraid.'')
(78. Then Fir
awn pursued them with his hosts, but the sea Al-Yamm completely overwhelmed them and covered them up.)
(79. And Fir
awn led his people astray, and he did not guide them.)
Allah, the Exalted, informs that He commanded Musa to journey at night with the Children of Israel, when Fir`awn refused to release them and send them with Musa. He was to take them away from Fir`awn's captivity. Allah expounds upon this in Surahs other than this noble Surah. Musa left with the Children of Israel, and when the people of Egypt awoke in the morning they found that not a single one of them remained in Egypt. Fir`awn became extremely furious. He sent callers into all of the cities to gather together his army from all of his lands and provinces. He said to them,
إِنَّ هَـؤُلاءِ لَشِرْذِمَةٌ قَلِيلُونَ - وَإِنَّهُمْ لَنَا لَغَآئِظُونَ
(Verily, these indeed are but a small band. And verily, they have done what has enraged us.) 26:54-55 Then when he gathered his army and organized his troops, he set out after them and they followed them at dawn when the sun began to rise.
فَلَمَّا تَرَآءَا الْجَمْعَانِ
(And when the two hosts saw each other) 26:61 This means that each person of the two parties was looking at the other party.
فَلَمَّا تَرَآءَا الْجَمْعَانِ قَالَ أَصْحَـبُ مُوسَى إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ - قَالَ كَلاَّ إِنَّ مَعِىَ رَبِّى سَيَهْدِينِ
(The companions of Musa said: "We are sure to be overtaken.'' (Musa) said: "Nay, verily, with me is my Lord. He will guide me.'') 26:61-62 Musa stopped with the Children of Israel and the sea was in front of them and Fir`awn was behind them. Then, at that moment, Allah revealed to Musa,
فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقاً فِى الْبَحْرِ يَبَساً
(And strike a dry path for them in the sea.) So Musa struck the sea with his stick and he said, "Split for me, by the leave of Allah.'' Thus, it split, and each separate part of the water became like a huge mountain. Then, Allah sent a wind to the land of the sea and it burned the soil until it became dry like the ground that is on land. For this reason Allah said,
فَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ طَرِيقاً فِى الْبَحْرِ يَبَساً لاَّ تَخَافُ دَرَكاً
(and strike a dry path for them in the sea, fearing neither to be overtaken...) This means being caught by Fir`awn.
وَلاَ تَخْشَى
(nor being afraid.) meaning, "Do not be afraid of the sea drowning your people.'' Then, Allah, the Exalted, said,
فَأَتْبَعَهُمْ فِرْعَوْنُ بِجُنُودِهِ فَغَشِيَهُمْ مِّنَ الْيَمِّ
(Then Fir`awn pursued them with his hosts, but the sea Al-Yamm completely overwhelmed them) Al-Yamm means the sea.
مَا غَشِيَهُمْ
(and covered them up. ) meaning, covered them up with a thing that was well-familiar to them in such a situa- tion, as Allah states;
وَالْمُؤْتَفِكَةَ أَهْوَى - فَغَشَّـهَا مَا غَشَّى
(And He destroyed the overthrown cities. So there covered them that which did cover.) 53:53-54 As Fir`awn pursued them into the sea, misled his people and did not lead them to the path of correct guidance, likewise, he will go ahead of his people on the Day of Resurrection, and will lead them in to the Hellfire. And evil indeed is the place to which they are led.
يبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ قَدْ أَنجَيْنَـكُمْ مِّنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَوَاعَدْنَـكُمْ جَانِبَ الطُّورِ الاٌّيْمَنَ وَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَالسَّلْوَى
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Ketika Musa telah menunjukkan bukti-bukti kebenarannya kepada Firâaun dan kaumnya, Beliau tinggal di Mesir mengajak mereka masuk Islam dan berusaha melepaskan bani Israil dari cengkraman Firâaun dan penyiksaannya, sedangkan Firâaun di atas sikap melampaui batas dan menjauh dari kebenaran, tugas yang diberikannya kepada bani Israil begitu berat. Allah memperlihatkan kepadanya ayat-ayat-Nya dan sesuatu yang dapat diambil pelajaran sebagaimana yang disebutkan dalam banyak ayat di dalam Al Qurâan. Ketika itu, bani Israil tidak mampu menampakkan keimanannya, oleh karenanya mereka menjadikan rumah mereka sebagai masjid atau tempat shalat, dan mereka tetap bersabar terhadap Firâaun dan gangguannya. Allah hendak menyelamatkan mereka dari musuh mereka, memberikan tempat kepada mereka di bumi dan agar mereka dapat beribadah kepada-Nya secara terang-terangan serta melaksanakan perintah-Nya, maka Allah mewahyukan kepada Nabi-Nya Musa âalaihis salam untuk membawa pergi bani Israil di malam hari dan memberitahukan kepadanya bahwa Firâaun dan kaumnya akan menyusul mereka. Berangkatlah bani Israil di awal malam, baik laki-laki, wanita maupun anak-anak. Ketika pagi harinya, ternyata di sana sudah tidak ada lagi yang memanggil dan memenuhi panggilan (agak sepi), maka Firâaun marah dan mengirimkan orang-orangnya untuk mengumpulkan kaumnya mendorong mereka untuk keluar mengejar bani Israil demi melampiaskan kemarahaannya, namun Allah berkuasa terhadap urusannya, akan tetapi kebanyakan manusia tidak mengetahui. Ketika itu berkumpullah semua tentara Firâaun lalu mereka pergi bersama Firâaun mendatangi bani Israil, dan mereka pun dapat menyusulnya di pagi hari. Saat bani Israil melihat pasukan Firâaun, mereka pun kebingungan dan gelisah; Firâaun di belakang mereka sedangkan laut di depan mereka, namun Musa tetap tenang dan yakin terhadap janji Tuhannya, dia berkata, âSekali-kali kita tidak akan tersusul! Sesungguhnya Tuhanku bersamaku, Dia akan memberi petunjuk kepadaku.â Maka Allah mewahyukan kepadanya untuki memukul laut dengan tongkatnya, lalu Musa memukulnya dan terbukalah 12 jalan, dan ketika itu air laut seperti gunung yang tinggi; di kanan dan di kiri jalan, Allah juga mengeringkan jalan yang mereka lalui, maka bani Israil menempuh jalan-jalan itu, lalu Firâaun dan tentaranya mengikuti jalan itu. Ketika kaum Musa telah keluar dari laut itu seluruhnya, sedangkan Firâaun dan tentaranya masih berada di jalan-jalan tersebut, maka Allah memerintahkan laut untuk menyatu dan tenggelamlah mereka dalam laut itu tanpa ada yang selamat, sedangkan bani Israil menyaksikan musuh mereka tenggelam sehingga hati mereka pun puas, inilah akibat dari kekafiran dan kesesatan, serta tidak menggunakan petunjuk Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala.
Membuat jalan yang kering di dalam laut itu ialah dengan memukul laut itu dengan tongkat. Lihat ayat 63 surat Asy Syu'araa.
