وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا ۖ وَإِنْ جَاهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلَا تُطِعْهُمَا ۚ إِلَيَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
And We have enjoined upon man goodness to parents. But if they endeavor to make you associate with Me that of which you have no knowledge, do not obey them. To Me is your return, and I will inform you about what you used to do.
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(We have enjoined on man kindness to parents…) [29:8]. The commentators of the Qur’an said: “This wasrevealed about Sa‘d ibn Abi Waqqas. When the latter embraced Islam, his mother Hamnah said to him: ‘OSa‘d, I heard that you have renounced your old religion. By Allah, I will not take shelter under any roof toprotect me from the sun and wind, nor will I eat or drink, until you disbelieve in Muhammad and revert toyour old religion’. Sa‘d was the dearest of her sons to her, but he refused to do as she wanted. For threedays, his mother did not eat, drink or take shelter under the shade until it was feared that she may perish.At that point, Sa‘d went to the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, and complained to him. Allah,exalted is He, revealed as a response this verse as well as the verse in Surah Luqman [31:14] and the versein Surah al-Ahqaf [46:15]”. Abu Sa‘id informed us> Abu Bakr al-Ghazi> Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibnHamdan> Abu Ya‘la> Abu Khaythamah> al-Hasan ibn Musa> Zuhayr> Simak ibn Harb> Mus‘ab ibn Sa‘d ibnAbi Waqqas> his father who said: “This verse was revealed about me. Umm Sa‘d [his mother] swore thatshe will never speak to me, eat or drink, until I disbelieve in Islam. She did this for three days until shepassed out from exhaustion. Allah, exalted is He, then revealed (We have enjoined on man kindness toparents…)”. This was narrated by Muslim from Abu Khaythamah.
وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَـنَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْناً وَإِن جَـهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلاَ تُطِعْهُمَآ إِلَىَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ - وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ لَنُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ فِى الصَّـلِحِينَ
(8. And We have enjoined on man to be dutiful to his parents; but if they strive to make you associate with Me, which you have no knowledge of, then obey them not. Unto Me is your return and I shall tell you what you used to do.)
(9. And for those who believe and do righteous deeds, surely, We shall admit them among the righteous.)
Allah commands His servants to be dutiful to parents, after urging them to adhere to belief in His Tawhid, because a person's parents are the cause of his existence. So he must treat them with the utmost kindness and respect, his father for spending on him and his mother because of her compassion for him. Allah says:
وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ أَلاَّ تَعْبُدُواْ إِلاَّ إِيَّـهُ وَبِالْوَلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَـناً إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِندَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلاَهُمَا فَلاَ تَقُل لَّهُمَآ أُفٍّ وَلاَ تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُل لَّهُمَا قَوْلاً كَرِيمًا - وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِى صَغِيرًا
(And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And that you be dutiful to your parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them a word of disrespect, nor shout at them, but address them in terms of honor. And lower unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say: "My Lord! Bestow on them Your mercy as they did bring me up when I was young.'') (17:23-24) Although Allah orders us to show kindness, mercy and respect towards them in return for their previous kindness, He says:
وَإِن جَـهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلاَ تُطِعْهُمَآ
(but if they strive to make associate with Me, which you have no knowledge of, then obey them not.) meaning, if they are idolators, and they try to make you follow them in their religion, then beware of them, and do not obey them in that, for you will be brought back to Me on the Day of Resurrection, and Allah will reward you for your kindness towards them and your patience in adhering to your religion. It is Allah Who will gather you with the group of the righteous, not with the group of your parents, even though you were the closest of people to them in the world. For a person will be gathered on the Day of Resurrection with those whom he loves, meaning, religious love. Allah says:
وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ لَنُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ فِى الصَّـلِحِينَ
(And for those who believe and do righteous good deeds, surely, We shall make them enter with the righteous.) In his Tafsir of this Ayah, At-Tirmidhi recorded that Sa`d said: "Four Ayat were revealed concerning me -- and he told his story. He said: "Umm Sa`d said: `Did Allah not command you to honor your parents By Allah, I will not eat or drink anything until I die or you renounce Islam.' When they wanted to feed her, they would force her mouth open. Then this Ayah was revealed:
وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَـنَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْناً وَإِن جَـهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِى مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلاَ تُطِعْهُمَآ
(And We have enjoined on man to be dutiful to his parents; but if they strive to make you associate with Me, of which you have no knowledge, then obey them not.)'' This Hadith was also recorded by Imam Ahmad, Muslim, Abu Dawud and An-Nasa'i. At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Sahih.
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Imam Muslim meriwayatkan dengan sanadnya yang sampai kepada Mushâab bin Saâad dari bapaknya (Saâad bin Abi Waqqas), bahwa terhadap dirinya turun beberapa ayat Al Qurâan, ia bercerita, âIbu Saâad pernah bersumpah untuk tidak akan berbicara dengan Saâad sampai Saâad mau kafir kepada agamanya, dan ia berjanji akan mogok makan dan minum. Ibunya berkata, âEngkau mengatakan, bahwa Allah mewajibkan kamu berbuat baik kepada orang tuamu, aku ibumu, sekarang memerintahkan kamu berbuat itu (kafir kepada agama Islam).â Saâad berkata, âIbuku berdiam diri (tidak makan dan minum) selama tiga hari sehingga ia merasakan kepayahan yang sangat, lalu anaknya yang bernama âAmarah memberinya minum, kemudian ibunya memanggil Saâad, maka Allah âAzza wa Jalla menurunkan dalam Al Qurâan ayat ini, âDan Kami wajibkan manusia (berbuat) kebaikan kepada dua orang tuanya. Dan jika keduanya memaksamu untuk mempersekutukan Akuâ¦dst.â (terj. Al âAnkabut: 8). Di sana pun terdapat ayat, âDan pergaulilah keduanya di dunia dengan baik.â (Terj. Lukman: 15). Saâad juga bercerita, âRasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam memperoleh ghanimah yang besar, di antaranya terdapat sebuah pedang, maka aku mengambilnya dan membawa kepada Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, aku pun berkata, âBerikanlah kepadaku pedang ini. Aku adalah seorang yang telah engkau ketahui keadaannya (yakni pandai memainkan pedang).â Maka Beliau bersabda, âKembalikanlah ke tempat kamu mengambil.â Lalu aku pergi, sehingga ketika aku hendak menaruhnya ke tempat barang rampasan (yang belum dibagi), maka aku mencela diriku sendiri, lalu aku kembali kepada Beliau dan berkata, âBerikanlah ia untukku.â Maka Beliau mengeraskan suaranya, âKembalikanlah ia ke tempat kamu mengambil.â Maka Allah menurunkan ayat, âYasâaluunaka âanil anfaal (Mereka bertanya kepadamu tentang harta rampasan perang).â (Al Anfaal: 1). Saâad bercerita pula, âAku pernah sakit, lalu aku kirim seseorang kepada Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, maka Beliau datang kepadaku, lalu aku berkata, âBiarkanlah aku membagi hartaku sesuai yang aku kehendaki.â Ternyata Beliau menolak.â Aku berkata, âBagaimana jika separuhnya (yakni aku wasiatkan).â Beliau ternyata menolak, maka aku berkata, âBagaimana jika sepertiga?â Maka Beliau diam, oleh karenanya jika sepertiga ternyata dibolehkan. Saâad juga bercerita, âAku pernah mendatangi sekumpulan kaum Anshar dan Muhajirin, mereka berkata, âKemarilah, agar kami memberimu makan dan memberimu minuman khamr.â Hal itu sebelum khamr diharamkan. Saâad juga bercerita, âLalu aku mendatangi mereka dalam sebuah kebun, ternyata ada kepala hewan sembelihan yang dipanggang di dekat mereka dan sebuah geriba (tempat minum dari kulit) yang berisi khamr, maka aku makan dan minum bersama mereka, kemudian dibicarakanlah tentang kaum Muhajirin dan Anshar, aku berkata, âKaum Muhajirin lebih baik daripada Anshar,â Lalu salah seorang mengambil salah satu rahang kepala (hewan itu) kemudian memukulku dengannya sehingga hidungku terluka, maka aku datang kepada Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam dan memberitahukan hal itu, maka Allah âAzza wa Jalla menurunkan ayat berkenaan dengan khamr, âSesungguhnya (meminum) khamar, berjudi, (berkorban untuk) berhala, mengundi nasib dengan anak panah adalah termasuk perbuatan syaitanâ¦dst.â (Terj. Al Maaâidah: 90).
Baik dengan ucapan maupun dengan perbuatan.
Dan tidak ada seorang yang memiliki ilmu bahwa syirk itu benar. Hal ini untuk membesarkan masalah syirk.
Yakni kemudian akan Aku beri balasan amalmu. Oleh karena itu, berbaktilah kepada kedua orang tuamu dan dahulukanlah ketaatan kepada keduanya, namun tetap di atas ketaatan kepada Allah dan rasul-Nya, karena ia harus didahulukan di atas segalanya.