تَتَجَافَىٰ جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ
They arise from [their] beds; they supplicate their Lord in fear and aspiration, and from what We have provided them, they spend.
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(Who forsake their beds to cry unto their Lord in fear and hope…) [32:16]. Said Malik ibn Dinar: “I askedMalik ibn Anas about whom this verse was revealed and he said: 'Some of the Companions of the Prophet,Allah bless him and give him peace, used to stand in prayer from after the prayer of Maghrib until the timeof the prayer of 'Isha', and so this verse was revealed about them' ”. Abu Ishaq al-Muqri' informed us>Abu'l-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Daynuri> Musa ibn Muhammad> al-Husayn ibn 'Alawiyah> Isma'il ibn 'Isa>al-Musayyib> Sa'id>> Qatadah> Anas ibn Malik who said: “This verse (Who forsake their beds to cry untotheir Lord in fear and hope) was revealed about us, the Helpers. We used to perform the Maghrib prayerand did not return to our homes until we performed the 'Isha' prayer with the Prophet, Allah bless him andgive him peace”. Al-Hasan and Mujahid said: “This was revealed about those who keep the prayer of thenight vigil”. This is substantiated by the report with which Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn 'Umar al-Khashshabinformed us> Ibrahim ibn 'Abd Allah al-Asfahani> Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Sarraj> Qutaybah ibn Sa'id>Jarir> al-A'mash> al-Hakam> Maymun> Ibn Abi Shabib> Mu'adh ibn Jabal who said: “While we were withthe Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, at the Battle of Tabuk, suffering from the heat,people dispersed. I looked around and found that the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give himpeace, was the closest person to me. I drew closer to him and asked: 'O Messenger of Allah, tell me about adeed which will cause me to enter the Garden and distance me from hellfire'. He said: 'You have askedabout a great matter which is easy to do for whoever Allah, exalted is He, makes it easy: It is that youworship Allah, exalted is He, and not associate anything with Him, perform the prescribed prayers, pay theobligated poor-due, and fast the month of Ramadan. But if you will, I will inform you about all the doors ofgoodness'. I said: 'Do inform me, O Messenger of Allah!' He said: 'Fasting is a shield; almsgiving expiatessins, and the standing of a man in prayer in the middle of the night, seeking the countenance of Allah,exalted is He'. Then he read this verse: (Who forsake their beds to cry unto their Lord in fear and hope)”.
إِنَّمَا يُؤْمِنُ بِـَايَـتِنَا الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهَا خَرُّواْ سُجَّداً وَسَبَّحُواْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَهُمْ لاَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ - تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ خَوْفاً وَطَمَعاً وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَـهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ - فَلاَ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَّآ أُخْفِىَ لَهُم مِّن قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ جَزَآءً بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ
(15. Only those believe in Our Ayat, who, when they are reminded of them, fall down prostrate, and glorify the praises of their Lord, and they are not proud.)
(16. Their sides forsake their beds, to invoke their Lord in fear and hope, and they spend out of what We have bestowed on them.)
(17. No person knows what is kept hidden for them of delights of eyes as a reward for what they used to do.)
إِنَّمَا يُؤْمِنُ بِـَايَـتِنَا
(Only those believe in Our Ayat,) means, who accept them as true,
الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهَا خَرُّواْ سُجَّداً
(who, when they are reminded of them, fall down prostrate,) means, they listen to them and obey them in word and deed.
وَسَبَّحُواْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَهُمْ لاَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ
(and glorify the praises of their Lord, and they are not proud.) means, they are not too proud to follow them and submit to them, unlike the ignorant among the rebellious disbelievers. Allah says:
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِى سَيَدْخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَخِرِينَ
(Verily, those who scorn My worship, they will surely enter Hell in humiliation!) (40:60). Then Allah says:
تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ
(Their sides forsake their beds,) meaning, they pray the voluntary night prayer and forego sleep and resting on a comfortable bed. Mujahid and Al-Hasan said that the Ayah
تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ
(Their sides forsake their beds, ) refers to voluntary night prayer. Ad-Dahhak said, "It refers to Salat Al-`Isha' in congregation and Salat Al-Fajr in congregation.
يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ خَوْفاً وَطَمَعاً
(to invoke their Lord in fear and hope,) means, in fear of His punishment and in hope of His reward.
وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَـهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ
(and they spend out of what We have bestowed on them.) means, they do both obligatory and supererogatory acts of worship. Their leader in this world and the Hereafter is the Messenger of Allah . Imam Ahmad recorded that Mu`adh bin Jabal said, "I was with the Messenger of Allah on a journey one morning, walking near him. I said, `O Prophet of Allah, tell me of a deed that will grant me admittance to Paradise and keep me away from Hell.' He said:
«لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَ عَنْ عَظِيمٍ وَإِنَّهَ لَيَسِيرٌ عَلَى مَنْ يَسَّرَهُ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ، تَعْبُدُ اللهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ، وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْت»
(You have asked about something great, and it is easy for the one for whom Allah makes it easy. Worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, establish regular prayer, pay Zakah, fast Ramadan and perform pilgrimage to the House.) Then he said:
«أَلَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ الْخَيْرِ؟ الصَّومُ جُنَّةٌ، وَالصَّدَقَةُ تُطْفِىءُ الْخَطِيئَةَ، وَصَلَاةُ الرَّجُلِ فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْل»
(Shall I not tell you of the gates of goodness Fasting is a shield, charity wipes out sin, and the prayer of a man in the depths of the night.) Then he recited:
تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ
(Their sides forsake their beds,) until he reached
جَزَآءً بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ
(as a reward for what they used to do.) Then he said:
«أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِرَأْسِ الْأَمْرِ وَعَمُودِهِ وَذِرْوَةِ سَنَامِهِ؟»
(Shall I not tell you of the greatest of all things and its pillars and pinnacle) I said, `Of course, O Messenger of Allah.' He said:
«رَأْسُ الْأَمْرِ الْإسْلَامُ، وَعَمُودُهُ الصَّلَاةُ، وَذِرْوَةُ سَنَامِهِ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ الله»
(The greatest of all things is Islam, its pillars are the prayers and its pinnacle is Jihad for the sake of Allah.) Then he said:
«أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِمَلَاكِ ذلِكَ كُلِّهِ؟»
(Shall I not tell you the factor on which all of that depends) I said, `Of course, O Messenger of Allah.' He took hold of his tongue and said,
«كُفَّ عَلَيْكَ هذَا»
(Restrain this.) I said, `O Messenger of Allah, will we be accountable for what we say' He said,
«ثَكِلَتْكَ أُمُّكُ يَا مُعَاذُ، وَهَلْ يَكُبُّ النَّاسَ فِي النَّارِ عَلى وُجُوهِهِمْ أَوْ قَالَ: عَلى مَنَاخِرِهِمْ إِلَّا حَصَائِدُ أَلْسِنَتهِم»
(May your mother be bereft of you, O Mu`adh! Will the people be thrown into Hell -- (or he said) on their faces -- except because of what their tongues say) It was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah in their Sunans. At-Tirmidhi said, "It is Hasan Sahih.''
فَلاَ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَّآ أُخْفِىَ لَهُم مِّن قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ
(No person knows what is kept hidden for them of delights of eyes) means, no one knows the vastness of what Allah has concealed for them of everlasting joy in Paradise and delights such as no one has ever seen. Because they conceal their good deeds, Allah conceals the reward for them, a fitting reward which will suit their deeds. Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "If people conceal their good deeds, Allah will conceal for them what no eye has seen and what has never crossed the mind of man. It was recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim. Al-Bukhari quoted the Ayah: d
فَلاَ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَّآ أُخْفِىَ لَهُم مِّن قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ
(No person knows what is kept hidden for them of delights of eyes) Then he recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Messenger of Allah said:
«قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالى: أَعْدَدْتُ لِعِبَادِي الصَّالِحِينَ مَا لَا عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ، وَلَا أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ، وَلَا خَطَرَ عَلى قَلْبِ بَشَر»
(Allah says: "I have prepared for My righteous servants what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and it has never crossed the mind of man.'') Abu Hurayrah said: "Recite, if you wish:
فَلاَ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَّآ أُخْفِىَ لَهُم مِّن قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ
(No person knows what is kept hidden for them of delights of eyes.) It was also recorded by Muslim and At-Tirmidhi. At-Tirmidhi said, "It is Hasan Sahih.'' In another version of Al-Bukhari:
«وَلَا خَطَرَ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ، ذُخْرًا مِنْ بَلْهِ مَا أُطْلِعْتُمْ عَلَيْه»
("and no body has ever even imagined of. All that is reserved, besides which, all that you have seen is nothing.'') It was also reported from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet said:
«مَنْ يَدْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ يَنْعَمْ لَا يَبْأَسْ، لَا تَبْلَى ثِيَابُهُ، وَلَا يَفْنَى شَبَابُهُ، فِي الْجَنَّةِ مَا لَا عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ، وَلَا أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ، وَلَا خَطَرَ عَلى قَلْبِ بَشَر»
(Whoever enters Paradise, will enjoy a life of luxury and never feel deprivation, his clothes will never wear out, his youth will never fade. In Paradise there is what no eye has ever seen, no ear has ever heard, and has never crossed the mind of man.) This was recorded by Muslim.
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Tirmidzi meriwayatkan dengan sanadnya yang sampai kepada Anas bin Malik, bahwa ayat ini, âLambung mereka jauh dari tempat tidurnya,â turun berkenaan dengan penantian mereka terhadap shalat yang biasa disebut âatamah (shalat Isya).â Tirmidzi berkata, âHadits ini hasan shahih gharib, kami tidak mengetahui kecuali dari jalan ini.â Ibnu Jarir juga menyebutkannya di juz 12 hal. 100, Ibnu Katsir dalam tafsirnya berkata, âSanadnya jayyid.â
Maksudnya mereka tidak tidur di waktu biasanya orang tidur, untuk mengerjakan shalat Isya atau shalat malam (tahajjud) bermunajat kepada Allah, yang sesungguhnya lebih nikmat dan lebih dicintai mereka.
Untuk meraih maslahat agama maupun dunia, dan terhindar dari bahaya.
Mereka menggabung kedua sifat itu, mereka takut amal mereka tidak diterima, dan berharap sekali agar diterima, mereka takut kepada azab Allah dan berharap sekali pahala-Nya.
Tidak disebukan batasan infak dan orang yang diberi infak untuk menunjukkan keumuman, oleh karenanya masuk ke dalamnya infak yang wajib seperti zakat, kaffarat, menafkahi istri dan kerabat dan berinfak pada jalur-jalur kebaikan. Berinfak dan berbuat ihsan dengan harta adalah baik secara mutlak, akan tetapi pahala tergantung niat dan manfaat yang dihasilkan. Inilah amal orang-orang yang beriman. Adapun balasannya adalah seperti yang disebutkan dalam ayat selanjutnya.
