يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَلَا تُطِعِ الْكَافِرِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقِينَ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا
O Prophet, fear Allah and do not obey the disbelievers and the hypocrites. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise.
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(O Prophet! Keep thy duty to Allah and obey not the disbelievers and the hypocrites…) [33:1]. This versewas revealed about Abu Sufyan, ‘Ikrimah ibn Abi Jahl and Abu’l-A‘war al-Sulami [‘Amr ibn Sufyan]. After thefighting at Uhud, they travelled to Medina and stayed as guests at ‘Abd Allah ibn Ubayy’s. The Prophet, Allahbless him and give him peace, had allowed them to come to speak with him with his assurance ofprotection. They went to see the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, accompanied by ‘Abd Allahibn Sa‘d ibn Abi Sarh and Tu‘mah ibn Ubayriq. They said to the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace,who had ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab with him: “Reject the mention of our idols al-Lat, al-‘Uzza and Manat and saythat they have benefit and the power of intercession for those who worship them, and we will leave youalone with your Lord!” Their words hurt the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be well pleased with him, said: “Let me kill them, O Messenger of Allah!” The Prophetsaid: “I have given them my assurance of protection”, upon which ‘Umar said to them: “Leave with Allah’scurse and wrath upon you”. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, commanded ‘Umarto drive them out of Medina, and then Allah, glorious and majestic is He, revealed this verse.
يأَيُّهَا النَّبِىِّ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُطِعِ الْكَـفِرِينَ وَالْمُنَـفِقِينَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً - وَاتَّبِعْ مَا يُوحَى إِلَـيْكَ مِن رَبِّكَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيراً - وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلاً
(1. O Prophet! Have Taqwa of Allah, and obey not the disbelievers and the hypocrites. Verily, Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise.)
(2. And follow that which is revealed to you from your Lord. Verily, Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do.)
(3. And put your trust in Allah, and sufficient is Allah as a Trustee.)
Here Allah points out something lower by referring to something higher. When He commands His servant and Messenger to do this, He is also commanding those who are lower than him, and the command is addressed to them more so. Talq bin Habib said: "Taqwa means obeying Allah in the light of the guidance of Allah and in hope of earning the reward of Allah, and refraining from disobeying Allah in the light of the guidance of Allah and fearing the punishment of Allah.''
وَلاَ تُطِعِ الْكَـفِرِينَ وَالْمُنَـفِقِينَ
(and obey not the disbelievers and the hypocrites.) means, do not listen to what they say and do not consult them.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً
(Verily, Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise) means, He is more deserving of your following His commandments and obeying Him, for He knows the consequences of all things and is Wise in all that He says and does. Allah says:
وَاتَّبِعْ مَا يُوحَى إِلَـيْكَ مِن رَبِّكَ
(And follow that which is revealed to you from your Lord.) meaning, of the Qur'an and Sunnah.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيراً
(Verily, Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do.) means, nothing at all is hidden from Him, and put your trust in Allah, i.e., in all your affairs and situations.
وَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلاً
(and sufficient is Allah as a Wakil.) means, sufficient is He as a Trustee for the one who puts his trust in Him and turns to Him.
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Maksudnya, wahai orang yang dikaruniakan kenabian oleh Allah, dikhususkan dengan wahyunya, dan dilebihkan di antara sekian makhluk-Nya! Syukurilah nikmat Tuhanmu yang dilimpahkan kepadamu dengan melakukan ketakwaan kepada-Nya, di mana engkau lebih harus bertakwa daripada selainmu, kewajibanmu lebih besar daripada selainmu, maka kerjakanlah perintah-Nya dan jauhilah larangan-Nya serta sampaikanlah risalah dan wahyu-Nya serta berikanlah sikap tulus (nasihat) kepada makhluk-Nya. Jangan sampai ada yang menghalangimu dari tujuan ini, oleh karenanya janganlah menaati setiap orang kafir yang menampakkan permusuhan kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya serta orang munafik yang menyembunyikan kekafiran dan pendustaan, tetapi yang ia tampakkan malah sebaliknya. Janganlah menaati mereka dalam sebagian perkara yang berlawanan dengan ketakwaan, dan jangan ikuti hawa nafsu mereka, sehingga nantinya mereka menyesatkanmu dari jalan yang lurus.
Yakni tetaplah bertakwa kepada-Nya.
Dalam hal yang menyelisihi syariatmu.
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