اسْتِكْبَارًا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَكْرَ السَّيِّئِ ۚ وَلَا يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ السَّيِّئُ إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِ ۚ فَهَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا سُنَّتَ الْأَوَّلِينَ ۚ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا ۖ وَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَحْوِيلًا
[Due to] arrogance in the land and plotting of evil; but the evil plot does not encompass except its own people. Then do they await except the way of the former peoples? But you will never find in the way of Allah any change, and you will never find in the way of Allah any alteration.
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وَأَقْسَمُواْ بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَـنِهِمْ لَئِن جَآءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ لَّيَكُونُنَّ أَهْدَى مِنْ إِحْدَى الاٍّمَمِ فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ مَّا زَادَهُمْ إِلاَّ نُفُوراً - اسْتِكْبَاراً فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَمَكْرَ السَّيِّىءِ وَلاَ يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ السَّيِّىءُ إِلاَّ بِأَهْلِهِ فَهَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ سُنَّةَ آلاٌّوَّلِينَ فَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلاً وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَحْوِيلاً
(42. And they swore by Allah their most binding oath that if a warner came to them, they would be more guided than any of the nations; yet when a warner came to them, it increased in them nothing but flight (from the truth).)
(43. (They took to flight because of their) arrogance in the land and their plotting of evil. But the evil plot encompasses only him who makes it. Then, can they expect anything (else) but the Sunnah (way of dealing) of the peoples of old So, no change will you find in Allah's Sunnah, and no turning off will you find in Allah's Sunnah.)
Allah tells us how Quraysh and the Arabs swore by Allah their most binding oath before the Messenger came to them,
لَئِن جَآءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ لَّيَكُونُنَّ أَهْدَى مِنْ إِحْدَى الاٍّمَمِ
(that if a warner came to them, they would be more guided than any of the nations;) i.e., than any of the nations to whom Messengers had been sent. This was the view of Ad-Dahhak and others. This is like the Ayat:
أَن تَقُولُواْ إِنَّمَآ أُنزِلَ الْكِتَـبُ عَلَى طَآئِفَتَيْنِ مِن قَبْلِنَا وَإِن كُنَّا عَن دِرَاسَتِهِمْ لَغَـفِلِينَ أَوْ تَقُولُواْ لَوْ أَنَّآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيْنَا الْكِتَـبُ لَكُنَّآ أَهْدَى مِنْهُمْ فَقَدْ جَآءَكُمْ بَيِّنَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن كَذَّبَ بِآيَـتِ اللَّهِ وَصَدَفَ عَنْهَا
(Lest you (pagan Arabs) should say: "The Book was sent down only to two sects before us, and for our part, we were in fact unaware of what they studied.'' Or lest you should say: "If only the Book had been sent down to us, we would surely have been better guided than they.'' So, now has come unto you a clear proof from your Lord, and a guidance and a mercy. Who then does more wrong than one who rejects the Ayat of Allah and turns away therefrom) (6:156-157)
وَإِن كَانُواْ لَيَقُولُونَ - لَوْ أَنَّ عِندَنَا ذِكْراً مِّنَ الاٌّوَّلِينَ
لَكُنَّا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ - فَكَفَرُواْ بِهِ فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ
(And indeed they (Arab pagans) used to say: "If we had a reminder as had the men of old, We would have indeed been the chosen servants of Allah!'' But they disbelieve therein, so they will come to know!) (37:167-170) Allah says:
فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ
(yet when a warner came to them,) -- meaning, Muhammad with the Book revealed to him, i.e., the Clear Qur'an,
مَّا زَادَهُمْ إِلاَّ نُفُوراً
(it increased in them nothing but flight (from the truth).) means, they only increased in their disbelief. Then Allah explains this further:
اسْتِكْبَاراً فِى الاٌّرْضِ
((They took to flight because of their) arrogance in the land) means, they were too arrogant to follow the signs of Allah.
وَمَكْرَ السَّيِّىءِ
(and their plotting of evil.) means, they plotted to prevent people from following the path of Allah.
وَلاَ يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ السَّيِّىءُ إِلاَّ بِأَهْلِهِ
(But the evil plot encompasses only him who makes it.) means, the evil consequences of that will come back upon them and not on others.
فَهَلْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلاَّ سُنَّةَ آلاٌّوَّلِينَ
(Then, can they expect anything (else) but the Sunnah (way of dealing) of the peoples of old) meaning, the punishment of Allah for disbelieving in His Messengers and going against His command.
وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلاً
(and no turning off will you find in Allah's Sunnah.) means, it does not change or alter, and this is what happens to every disbeliever.
وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَحْوِيلاً
(and no turning off will you find in Allah's Sunnah.) means,
وَإِذَآ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِقَوْمٍ سُوءًا فَلاَ مَرَدَّ لَهُ
(But when Allah wills a people's punishment, there can be no turning back of it) (13:11). This means, no one can remove that from them or ward it off from them. And Allah knows best.
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Maksudnya adalah untuk kejahatan dan ujung-ujungnya adalah kejahatan.
Yakni makar jahat mereka kembalinya menimpa mereka, dan Allah telah menjelaskan kepada hamba-hamba-Nya ucapan dan janji mereka itu, sehingga diketahui bahwa mereka dusta dalam sumpah dan ucapannya. Sehingga jelaslah kehinaan mereka, tampak cacat mereka, dan jelas maksud mereka yang buruk, makar mereka iitu kembalinya kepada mereka, dan Allah mengembalikan tipu daya mereka ke dalam diri mereka. Sehingga tidak ada yang tetinggal selain menunggu kapan azab menimpa mereka, di mana yang demikian merupakan sunnatullah terhadap orang-orang yang terdahulu yang tidak berubah dan berganti, yaitu siapa saja yang berjalan di atas kezaliman, sifat pembangkangan, dan sombong kepada hamba-hamba-Nya bisa saja Allah menurunkan siksa dan mencabut nikmat-Nya. Oleh karena itu, hendaknya mereka berwaspada jika melakukan hal yang dengan sebelum mereka, Dia akan menimpakan azab kepada mereka.
Yang dimaksud dengan sunnah orang-orang yang terdahulu ialah turunnya siksa kepada orang-orang yang mendustakan rasul.
Sunnatul awwaliin dalam ayat tersebut adalah sunnah Allah dalam bertindak kepada makhluk-Nya, yaitu menimpakan azab karena mendustakan para rasul-Nya.
Yakni tidak akan diganti dengan azab selainnya dan tidak pula berpindah kepada yang lain.
