سَيَقُولُ لَكَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ شَغَلَتْنَا أَمْوَالُنَا وَأَهْلُونَا فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَنَا ۚ يَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ ۚ قُلْ فَمَنْ يَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا إِنْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ ضَرًّا أَوْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ نَفْعًا ۚ بَلْ كَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا
Those who remained behind of the bedouins will say to you, "Our properties and our families occupied us, so ask forgiveness for us." They say with their tongues what is not within their hearts. Say, "Then who could prevent Allah at all if He intended for you harm or intended for you benefit? Rather, ever is Allah, with what you do, Acquainted.
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سَيَقُولُ لَكَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ مِنَ الاٌّعْرَابِ شَغَلَتْنَآ أَمْوَلُنَا وَأَهْلُونَا فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَنَا يَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ مَّا لَيْسَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ قُلْ فَمَن يَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِّنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً إِنْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ ضَرّاً أَوْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ نَفْعاً بَلْ كَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيراً - بَلْ ظَنَنْتُمْ أَن لَّن يَنقَلِبَ الرَّسُولُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَى أَهْلِيهِمْ أَبَداً وَزُيِّنَ ذَلِكَ فِى قُلُوبِكُمْ وَظَنَنتُمْ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ وَكُنتُمْ قَوْماً بُوراً - وَمَن لَّمْ يُؤْمِن بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَإِنَّآ أَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَـفِرِينَ سَعِيراً - وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ يَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُوراً رَّحِيماً
(11. Those of the bedouins who lagged behind will say to you: "Our possessions and our families occupied us, so ask forgiveness for us.'' They say with their tongues what is not in their hearts. Say: "Who then has any power at all (to intervene) on your behalf with Allah, if He intends you hurt or intends you benefit Nay, but Allah is Aware of what you do.)
(12. Nay, but you thought that the Messenger and the believers would never return to their families, and that was made fair seeming in your hearts, and you did think an evil thought and you became a Bura.'')
(13. And whosoever does not believe in Allah and His Messenger, then verily, We have prepared for the disbelievers a blazing Fire.)
(14. And to Allah belongs the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth. He forgives whom He wills, and punishes whom He wills. And Allah is Forgiving, Most Merciful.)
Allah informs His Messenger of the excuses that the bedouins who lagged behind would offer him, those bedouins who preferred to remain in their homes and possessions and did not join the Messenger of Allah . They offered an excuse for lagging behind, as that of being busy -- in their homes and with their wealth! They asked the Messenger of Allah to invoke Allah to forgive them, not because they had faith in the Prophet and his invocation, but to show off and pretend. This is why Allah the Exalted said about them,
يَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ مَّا لَيْسَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ قُلْ فَمَن يَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ مِّنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئاً إِنْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ ضَرّاً أَوْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ نَفْعاً
(They say with their tongues what is not in their hearts. Say: "Who then has any power at all (to intervene) on your behalf with Allah, if He intends you hurt or intends you benefit'') Allah says, none can resist what Allah has decided in your case, all praise and honor belong to Him. Allah is the Knower of your secrets and what your hearts conceal, even if you pretend and choose to be hypocritical with us. This is why Allah the Exalted said,
بَلْ كَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيراً
(Nay, but Allah is Ever All-Aware of what you do.) then He said,
بَلْ ظَنَنْتُمْ أَن لَّن يَنقَلِبَ الرَّسُولُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَى أَهْلِيهِمْ أَبَداً
(Nay, but you thought that the Messenger and the believers would never return to their families,) `for your lagging behind was not an excusable act or just a sin. Rather, your lagging behind was because of hypocrisy and because you thought that the Muslims would be killed to the extent of extermination, their lives would be extinguished and none of them will ever come back,'
وَظَنَنتُمْ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ وَكُنتُمْ قَوْماً بُوراً
(and you did think an evil thought and you became a people Bur) going for destruction, according to `Abdullah bin `Abbas, Mujahid and several others. Qatadah explained Bur to mean, corrupt and some said that it is a word used in the Arabic dialect of the area of Oman. Allah the Exalted then said,
وَمَن لَّمْ يُؤْمِن بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ
(And whosoever does not believe in Allah and His Messenger,) Allah states here that whoever does not purify his actions outwardly and inwardly for Allah's sake, then Allah the Exalted will punish him in the Blazing Fire, even if he pretends to show people that he follows the faith, contradicting his true creed. Allah the Exalted then states that He is the Only Authority, King and Owner Who has full control over the residents of the heavens and earth,
يَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُوراً رَّحِيماً
(He forgives whom He wills, and punishes whom He wills. And Allah is Forgiving, Most Merciful.) with those who repent, return and submit to Him with humiliation.
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Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala mencela orang-orang yang meninggalkan Rasul-Nya dalam berjihad fii sabilillah dari kalangan orang-orang Arab badui yang lemah imannya, dimana dalam hati mereka ada penyakit, prsangka yang buruk kepada Allah Taâala, dan bahwa mereka akan meminta uzur kepada Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, bahwa harta dan keluarga mereka membuat mereka sibuk sehingga tidak dapat ikut berjihad, dan bahwa mereka akan meminta agar Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam memintakan ampunan untuk mereka.
Yang tinggal di sekitar Madinah.
Sehingga tidak bisa ikut bersamamu.
Yakni mereka dusta dalam ucapannya, karena permintaan mereka agar Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam memintakan ampunan untuk mereka seharusnya menunjukkan mereka menyesal, dan mengakui bahwa mereka berdosa, dan bahwa mereka telah melakukan perbuatan yang butuh diiringi dengan tobat dan istighfar. Kalau seandainya seperti ini yang ada dalam hati mereka, tentu istighfar Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam bermanfaat bagi mereka, karena mereka telah bertobat dan kembali, akan tetapi yang ada dalam hati mereka adalah bahwa mereka tidak ikut itu karena mereka berprasangka buruk kepada Allah. Mereka menyangka, bahwa Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam dan kaum mukmin tidak akan kembali lagi setelah itu kepada keluarganya selama-lamanya karena terbunuh, dan sangkaan ini telah terhias dalam diri mereka sehingga mereka tetap tidak mau ikut dengan Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam dan kaum mukmin. Sebabnya adalah karena dua hal: Pertama, mereka adalah kaum yang binasa, yakni tidak ada kebaikannya. Jika ada kebaikan dalam hati mereka, tentu tidak akan ada seperti ini dalam hati mereka. Kedua, lemahnya iman dan keyakinan mereka terhadap janji Allah, yaitu bahwa Dia akan memenangkan agama-Nya dan akan meninggikan kalimat-Nya.
