۞ لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ يُبَايِعُونَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَعَلِمَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَأَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَثَابَهُمْ فَتْحًا قَرِيبًا
Certainly was Allah pleased with the believers when they pledged allegiance to you, [O Muhammad], under the tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, so He sent down tranquillity upon them and rewarded them with an imminent conquest
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لَّقَدْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ يُبَايِعُونَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَعَلِمَ مَا فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَأنزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَثَـبَهُمْ فَتْحاً قَرِيباً - وَمَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَةً يَأْخُذُونَهَا وَكَان اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً
(18. Indeed, Allah was pleased with the believers when they gave the pledge to you under the tree, He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down As-Sakinah upon them, and He rewarded them with a near victory. )
(19. And abundant spoils that they will capture. And Allah is Ever All-Mighty, All-Wise.)
Allah declares that He is pleased with the believers who gave the pledge to the Messenger of Allah under the tree. We mentioned the number of these believers as being one thousand and four hundred and that the tree was a Samurah tree, located in the area of Hudaybiyyah. Al-Bukhari narrated from Tariq that `Abdur-Rahman said, "I went on Hajj and passed by people praying and asked, `What is this Masjid' They said, `This is the tree where the Messenger of Allah took the pledge of Ar-Ridwan.' So, I went to Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib and told him. Sa`id said, `My father told me that he was among those who gave their pledge to the Messenger of Allah under the tree. My father said: The following year, when we went out, we forgot its place and could not agree which tree it was.' Sa`id said, `The Companions of Muhammad forgot where the tree was, but you know where it is. Therefore, you have better knowledge than them!''' Allah said,
فَعَلِمَ مَا فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ
(He knew what was in their hearts,) meaning, of truthfulness, trustworthiness, obedience and adherence,
فَأنزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ
(and He sent down As-Sakinah), calmness and tranquillity,
عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَثَـبَهُمْ فَتْحاً قَرِيباً
(upon them, and He rewarded them with a near victory.) in reference to the goodness that Allah the Exalted and Most Honored caused to happened to the Companions on account of the peace treaty between them and their disbelieving enemies. Ever after that, the Companions gained abundant, general and continuous benefits and accomplishments, leading to the conquest of Khaybar and Makkah and then the various surrounding provinces and areas. They earned tremendous glory, triumphs and an elevated and honorable status in this life and in the Hereafter, just as Allah the Exalted said,
وَمَغَانِمَ كَثِيرَةً يَأْخُذُونَهَا وَكَان اللَّهُ عَزِيزاً حَكِيماً
(And abundant spoils that they will capture. And Allah is Ever All-Mighty, All-Wise.)
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Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala memberitahukan karunia dan rahmat-Nya dengan meridhai kaum mukmin ketika mereka membaiat Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam dalam baiâat yang menjernihkan wajah-wajah mereka. Sebab baiâat yang dikenal dengan nama âBaiâaturridhwanâ atau âBaiâat Ahlisy syajarahâ adalah ketika terjadi pembicaraan antara Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam dengan kaum musyrik pada hari Hudaibiyah tentang kedatangannya, dan bahwa kedatangan Beliau bukan untuk memerangi seorang pun, tetapi maksudnya untuk menziarahi Baitullah sambil memuliakannya, maka Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam mengirimkan Utsman bin âAffan ke Mekah untuk menyampaikan maksudnya, lalu sampailah berita yang tidak benar, yaitu bahwa Utsman dibunuh oleh kaum musyrik. Maka Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam mengumpulkan kaum mukmin yang ada bersamanya yang jumlahnya kurang lebih 1500 orang, lalu mereka membaiat Beliau di bawah sebuah pohon untuk memerangi kaum musyrik sampai titik darah penghabisan dan tidak akan melarikan diri. Maka Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala memberitahukan, bahwa Dia ridha kepada kaum mukmin terhadap sikap mereka itu, dimana hal itu merupakan ketaatan yang besar dan ibadah yang agung.
Di Hudaibiyah.
Berupa keimanan, kejujuran dan memenuhi janji.
Sebagai syukur-Nya kepada mereka karena apa yang ada dalam hati mereka itu. Dia juga menambahkan petunjuk kepada mereka. Dia mengetahui rasa sedih yang mendalam di hati mereka ketika mereka menerima syarat yang berat yang diajukan kaum musyrik, maka Dia menurunkan ketenangan kepada mereka yang mengokohkan mereka dan menenangkan hati mereka.
Yang dimaksud dengan kemenangan yang dekat ialah kemenangan kaum muslimin pada perang Khaibar setelah pulang dari Hudaibiyah. Mereka yang hanya memperoleh ghanimahnya, tidak selain mereka sebagai balasan bagi mereka dan syukur-Nya karena mereka taat kepada Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala dan mengerjakan hal yang diridhai-Nya.