سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ
[Their] assembly will be defeated, and they will turn their backs [in retreat].
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(Lo! the guilty are in error and madness… Lo! We have created every thing by measure) [54:47-49]. Abu’l-Qasim ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Sarraj informed us (by dictation)> Abu Muhammad ‘Abd Allah ibnMuhammad ibn Musa al-Ka‘bi> Hamdan ibn Salih al-Ashajj> ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn Abi Rawwad>Sufyan al-Thawri> Ziyad ibn Isma‘il al-Makhzumi> Muhammad ibn ‘Abbad ibn Ja‘far> Abu Hurayrah whosaid: “The Quraysh came to dispute the question of Destiny. Allah, exalted is He, therefore revealed (Lo! theguilty are in error and madness… Lo! We have created every thing by measure)”. This was narrated byMuslim from Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah> Waki‘> Sufyan. By Allah, I bear witness that Abu’l-HarithMuhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Rahim al-Hafiz informed us in Jurjan; he said: “By Allah, I bear witness that AbuNu‘aym Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Bazzaz informed us; he said: ‘By Allah, I bear witness that Iheard ‘Ali ibn Jandal saying: ‘By Allah, I bear witness that I heard Abu’l-Hasan Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibnUbayy in Khurasan say: ‘By Allah, I bear witness that I heard ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Saqr al-Hafiz say: ‘By Allah, Ibear witness that I heard ‘Ufayr ibn Ma‘dan say: ‘by Allah, I bear witness that I heard Salim ibn ‘Amir say:‘By Allah, I bear witness that I heard Abu Umamah al-Bahili say: ‘By Allah, I bear witness that I heard theMessenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, say: ‘This verse was revealed about the deniers ofDestiny (al-Qadariyyah): (Lo! the guilty are in error and madness… Lo! We have created every thing bymeasure). Abu Bakr ibn al-Harith related to us> ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Asfahani> Jarir ibn Harun> ‘Alial-Tanafisi> ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Musa> Bahr al-Saqa’> A Shaykh from Quraysh> ‘Ata’ who said: “The bishop ofNajran came to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and said: ‘O Muhammad, youclaim that sins are created by measure and that the seas and heaven are also created by measure. If it istrue that the seas and heaven are created by measure, sins nevertheless cannot be’. The Messenger ofAllah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said: ‘You are Allah’s adversaries!’ And then Allah, exalted is He,revealed (Lo! the guilty are in error and madness) up to His words (Lo! We have created every thing bymeasure)”. Abu Bakr informed us> ‘Abd Allah> ‘Amr ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Hasan> Ahmad ibn al-Khalil> ‘AbdAllah ibn Raja’ al-Azdi> ‘Amr ibn ‘Ala’, the brother of Abu ‘Amr ibn al-‘Ala’> Khalid ibn Salamah al-Qurashi>Sa‘id ibn ‘Amr ibn Ja‘dah al-Makhzumi> Ibn Abi Zurarah al-Ansari> his father who related that theMessenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, read this verse (Lo! the guilty are in error andmadness) and then said: “This verse was revealed about some future people from amongst this communitywho will deny the Destiny of Allah, exalted is He”. Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Hiri informed us> Muhammad ibnYa‘qub al-Ma‘qili> Abu ‘Utbah Ahmad ibn al-Faraj> Baqiyyah> Ibn Thawban> Bakir ibn Usayd> his fatherwho said: “I was with Muhammad ibn Ka‘b when he said: ‘If you ever see me talk about Destiny, then tieme up for I am then a madman. By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, these verses have not been revealedexcept about madmen’. Then he recited (Lo! the guilty are in error and madness… Lo! We have createdevery thing by measure)”.
وَلَقَدْ جَآءَ ءَالَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُ - كَذَّبُواْ بِـَايَـتِنَا كُلِّهَا فَأَخَذْنَـهُمْ أَخْذَ عِزِيزٍ مُّقْتَدِرٍ - أَكُفَّـرُكُمْ خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أُوْلَـئِكُمْ أَمْ لَكُم بَرَآءَةٌ فِى الزُّبُرِ - أَمْ يَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعٌ مُّنتَصِرٌ - سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ - بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ
(41. And indeed, warnings came to the people of Fir
awn.)
(42. (They) denied all Our signs, so We seized them with a punishment of the Almighty, All-Capable.)
(43. Are your disbelievers better than these Or have you immunity in the Divine Scriptures)
(44.Or say they: "We are a great multitude, victorious'')
(45. Their multitude will be put to flight, and they will show their backs.)
(46. Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time, and the Hour will be more grievous and more bitter.)
Allah the Exalted narrates to us the story of Fir`awn and his people. A Messenger came to them from Allah, Musa supported by his brother Harun. Their Messengers delivered good news if they believe, and a warning if they rejected the Message. Allah supported Musa and Harun with tremendous miracles and great signs, but Fir`awn and his people rejected all of them. Allah took them the way the All-Mighty, the All-Capable would; He destroyed them all leaving none surviving to tell the story of what happened to them. Advising and Threatening the Quraysh Allah said,
(Are your disbelievers) meaning, `O idolators of the Quraysh,'
خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أُوْلَـئِكُمْ
(better than these) meaning better than the nations that were mentioned here, who were destroyed on account of their disbelief in the Messengers and rejecting the Scriptures. `Are you better than these'
أَمْ لَكُم بَرَآءَةٌ فِى الزُّبُرِ
(Or have you immunity in the Divine Scriptures), `do you have immunity from Allah that the torment and punishment will not touch you' Allah said about the Quraysh,
أَمْ يَقُولُونَ نَحْنُ جَمِيعٌ مُّنتَصِرٌ
(Or say they: "We are a great multitude, victorious'') stating that they believed they will support each other and their great gathering will avail them against those who intend to harm them. Allah the Exalted responded,
سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ
(Their multitude will be put to flight, and they will show their backs.) affirming that their gathering shall scatter, and they shall be defeated. Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "The Prophet , while in a dome-shaped tent on the day of the battle of Badr, said,
«أَنْشُدُكَ عَهْدَكَ وَوَعْدَكَ، اللْهُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تُعْبَدْ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَبَدًا»
(O Allah! I ask you for the fulfillment of Your covenant and promise. O Allah! If You wish (to destroy the believers), You will never be worshipped on the earth after today.) Abu Bakr caught him by the hand and said, `This is sufficient, O Allah's Messenger! You have sufficiently asked and petitioned Allah.' The Prophet was clad in his armor at that time and went out, saying,
سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ - بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ
(Their multitude will be put to flight and they will show their backs. Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter.)'' Al-Bukhari also recorded that Yusuf bin Mahak said, "I was with the Mother of the faithful, `A'ishah, when she said, `When I was still a young playful girl in Makkah, this Ayah was revealed to Muhammad ,
بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ
(Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time and that Hour will be more grievous and more bitter.)'' This is the abridged narration that Al-Bukhari collected, but he also collected a longer narration of it in the Book of the Virtues of the Qur'an. Muslim did not collect this Hadith.
إِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِينَ فِى ضَلَـلٍ وَسُعُرٍ - يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِى النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُواْ مَسَّ سَقَرَ
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Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala berfirman menerangkan kelemahan mereka dan bahwa mereka akan kalah.
Ternyata demikian. Mereka kalah dalam perang Badar, tokoh-tokoh mereka mati dalam perang itu, sedangkan Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam dan para sahabatanya memperoleh kemenangan. Di samping itu, mereka mempunyai waktu yang telah dijanjikan, yaitu hari Kiamat sebagaimana firman Allah Taâala di ayat 46, âBahkan hari Kiamat itulah hari yang dijanjikan kepada mereka dan hari Kiamat itu lebih dahsyat dan lebih pahit.â
