وَمَا جَعَلْنَا أَصْحَابَ النَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَائِكَةً ۙ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ وَيَزْدَادَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِيمَانًا ۙ وَلَا يَرْتَابَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۙ وَلِيَقُولَ الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ وَالْكَافِرُونَ مَاذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۚ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ وَمَا هِيَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَىٰ لِلْبَشَرِ
And We have not made the keepers of the Fire except angels. And We have not made their number except as a trial for those who disbelieve - that those who were given the Scripture will be convinced and those who have believed will increase in faith and those who were given the Scripture and the believers will not doubt and that those in whose hearts is hypocrisy and the disbelievers will say, "What does Allah intend by this as an example?" Thus does Allah leave astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. And none knows the soldiers of your Lord except Him. And mention of the Fire is not but a reminder to humanity.
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وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَـبَ النَّارِ إِلاَّ مَلَـئِكَةً وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلاَّ فِتْنَةً لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَـبَ وَيَزْدَادَ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِيمَـناً وَلاَ يَرْتَابَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَلِيَقُولَ الَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ وَالْكَـفِرُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَـذَا مَثَلاً كَذَلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِى مَن يَشَآءُ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلاَّ هُوَ وَمَا هِىَ إِلاَّ ذِكْرَى لِلْبَشَرِ - كَلاَّ وَالْقَمَرِ - وَالَّيْلِ إِذْ أَدْبَرَ - وَالصُّبْحِ إِذَآ أَسْفَرَ - إِنَّهَا لإِحْدَى الْكُبَرِ - نَذِيراً لِّلْبَشَرِ - لِمَن شَآءَ مِنكُمْ أَن يَتَقَدَّمَ أَوْ يَتَأَخَّرَ
(31. And We have set none but angels as guardians of the Fire. And We have fixed their number only as a trial for the disbelievers, in order that the People of the Scripture may arrive at a certainty and that the believers may increase in faith, and that no doubt may be left for the People of the Scripture and the believers, and that those in whose hearts is a disease and the disbelievers may say: "What does Allah intend by this example'' Thus Allah leads astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. And none can know the hosts of your Lord but He. And this is nothing but a reminder to mankind.)
(32. Nay! And by the moon.)
(33. And by the night when it withdraws.)
(34. And by the dawn when it brightens.)
(35. Verily, it is but one of the greatest (signs).)
(36. A warning to mankind)
(37. To any of you that chooses to go forward, or to remain behind.)
Allah says,
وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَـبَ النَّارِ
(And We have set none as (Ashab) guardians of the Fire) meaning, its guardians.
إِلاَّ مَلَـئِكَةً
(but angels.) Guardian angels, stern and severe. This is a refutation of the idolators of the Quraysh when they mentioned the number of guardian angels. Abu Jahl said, "O people of Quraysh! Are not every ten among you able to defeat one of them'' So Allah said,
وَمَا جَعَلْنَآ أَصْحَـبَ النَّارِ إِلاَّ مَلَـئِكَةً
(And We have set none but angels as guardians of the Fire.) meaning, extremely strong in their creation. They cannot be stood against nor defeated. It has been said that Abu Al-Ashaddayn, and his name was Kaladah bin Usayd bin Khalaf, said, "O people of Quraysh! You defend me against two of them and I will defend you against seventeen of them.'' He said this thinking himself to be very great. For they claimed that he achieved such strength that he would stand on a skin of cow hide and ten people would try to pull it out from under his feet, but the skin would be torn to pieces and still not be removed from under him. Concerning Allah's statement,
وَمَا جَعَلْنَا عِدَّتَهُمْ إِلاَّ فِتْنَةً لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ
(And We have fixed their number only as a trial for the disbelievers,) meaning, `We only have mentioned their number as being nineteen as a test from Us for mankind.'
لِيَسْتَيْقِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَـبَ
(In order that the People of the Scripture may arrive at a certainty) meaning, so that they may know that this Messenger is true. For he speaks according to the same thing that they have with them of heavenly revealed Scriptures that came to the Prophets before him. Concerning Allah's statement,
وَيَزْدَادَ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِيمَـناً
(and that the believers may increase in faith.) meaning, to their faith. This is due to what they witness from the truthfulness of the information of their Prophet, Muhammad .
وَلاَ يَرْتَابَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ الْكِتَـبَ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَلِيَقُولَ الَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ
(and that no doubt may be left for the People of the Scripture and the believers, and that those in whose hearts is a disease) meaning, among the hypocrites.
وَالْكَـفِرُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَـذَا مَثَلاً
(and the disbelievers may say: "What does Allah intend by this example'') meaning, they say, "What is the wisdom in mentioning this here'' Allah says,
كَذَلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهْدِى مَن يَشَآءُ
(Thus Allah leads astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills.) meaning, by way of examples like this, faith becomes firm in the hearts of some people and it is shaken with others. This has a profound wisdom and it is an irrefutable proof. None knows the Soldiers of Allah except Him Allah says,
وَمَا يَعْلَمُ جُنُودَ رَبِّكَ إِلاَّ هُوَ
(And none can know the hosts of your Lord but He.) meaning, none knows their number and their count except Allah. This is so that one does not make the mistake of thinking that they are only nineteen in all. It has been confirmed in the Hadith concerning Al-Isra' that is reported in the Two Sahihs and other collections, that the Messenger of Allah said in describing the Frequented House (Al-Bayt Al-Ma`mur), which is in the seventh heaven,
«فَإِذَا هُوَ يَدْخُلُهُ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ لَا يَعُودُونَ إِلَيْهِ آخِرَ مَا عَلَيْهِم»
(Seventy thousand angels enter into it every day and they do not return to it as it is all that is due upon them (one visit in their lifetime).) Concerning Allah's statement,
وَمَا هِىَ إِلاَّ ذِكْرَى لِلْبَشَرِ
(And this is nothing but a reminder to mankind.) Mujahid and others said,
وَمَا هِىَ
(And this is not.) "This means the Hellfire which has been described.''
إِلاَّ ذِكْرَى لِلْبَشَرِ
(but a reminder to mankind. ) Then Allah says,
كَلاَّ وَالْقَمَرِ - وَالَّيْلِ إِذْ أَدْبَرَ
(Nay! And by the moon. And by the night when it withdraws.) meaning, when it withdraws.
وَالصُّبْحِ إِذَآ أَسْفَرَ
(And by the dawn when it brightens.) meaning, when it shines.
إِنَّهَا لإِحْدَى الْكُبَرِ
(Verily, it is but one of the greatest (signs).) meaning, the great things. This refers to the Hellfire. Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and others of the Salaf, all said this.
نَذِيراً لِّلْبَشَرِ - لِمَن شَآءَ مِنكُمْ أَن يَتَقَدَّمَ أَوْ يَتَأَخَّرَ
(A warning to mankind -- to any of you that chooses to go forward, or to remain behind.) meaning, for whoever wishes to accept the warning and be guided to the truth, or hold back from accepting it, turn away from it and reject it.
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Sehingga mereka tidak dapat dikalahkan karena kuatnya mereka.
Sehingga mereka berkata, âMengapa jumlahnya sembilan belas?â Agar diketahui siapa yang membenarkan dan siapa yang mendustakannya. Atau maksud âsebagai cobaanâ adalah sebagai azab dan hukuman bagi orang-orang kafir.
Karena sembilan belas jumlah malaikat itu sesuai dengan yang disebutkan dalam kitab mereka, dan ketika mereka mendapatkan kesamaan, maka bertambahlah keyakinan mereka.
Yang demikian karena orang-orang mukmin setiap kali diturunkan ayat kepada mereka, maka mereka mengimani dan membenarkannya sehingga iman mereka bertambah.
Tentang jumlah malaikat yang menjaga itu. Atau maksudnya, agar keragu-raguan dan syak hilang dari mereka. Inilah tujuan yang agung yang diperhatikan sekali oleh orang-orang yang berakal, yaitu berusaha agar keyakinan mereka bertambah,. Demikian pula iman mereka di setiap waktu.
Yaitu penyakit syak (keragu-raguan), syubhat dan kemunafikan.
Dalam keadaan bingung dan ragu serta kafir kepada ayat-ayat Allah.
Seperti orang yang mengingkari jumlah itu.
Seperti halnya orang yang membenarkan jumlah itu. Atau maksudnya, bahwa orang yang diberi petunjuk oleh Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala, maka Dia jadikan apa yang diturunkan-Nya kepada rasul-Nya sebagai rahmat baginya, penambah iman dan agamanya. Sebaliknya orang yang disesatkan-Nya, maka Dia jadikan apa yang diturunkan-Nya kepada Rasul-Nya sebagai penambah kesengsaraan dan kebingungan. Dengan demikian, kita wajib menerima apa yang Allah dan Rasul-Nya beritakan meskipun kita belum mengetahui hikmahnya.
Yakni tidak ada yang mengetahui jumlah tentara Allah (seperti jumlah malaikat) selain Dia Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala. Jika kamu tidak mengetahui jumlah tentara-Nya, maka apabila Dia Yang Maha Mengetahui lagi Mahateliti memberitakan, hendaknya kamu membenarkan berita-Nya tanpa meragukan lagi.
Bisa juga maksudnya, bahwa peringatan yang disebutkan itu maksudnya bukanlah main-main, bahkan maksudnya adalah agar manusia dapat menyadari apa yang bermanfaat bagi mereka sehingga mereka melakukannya dan menyadari apa yang membahayakannya sehingga mereka meninggalkannya.
