وَلَا أَنْتُمْ عَابِدُونَ مَا أَعْبُدُ
Nor are you worshippers of what I worship.
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(Say: O disbelievers! …) [109:1-6]. These verses was revealed about a group of people from the Qurayshwho said to the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace: “Come follow our religion and we will followyours. You worship our idols for a year and we worship you Allah the following year. In this way, if what youhave brought us is better than what we have, we would partake of it and take our share of goodness fromit; and if what we have is better than what you have brought, you would partake of it and take your share ofgoodness from it”. He said: “Allah forbid that I associate anything with Him”, and so Allah, exalted is He,revealed (Say: O disbelievers!) up to the end of the Surah. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and givehim peace, then went to the Sacred Sanctuary, which was full of people, and recited to them the Surah. Itwas at that point that they despaired of him.
قُلْ يأَيُّهَا الْكَـفِرُونَ- لاَ أَعْبُدُ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ- وَلاَ أَنتُمْ عَـبِدُونَ مَآ أَعْبُدُ- وَلا أَنَآ عَابِدٌ مَّا عَبَدتُّمْ- وَلاَ أَنتُمْ عَـبِدُونَ مَآ أَعْبُدُ- لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ وَلِىَ دِينِ-
(1. Say: "O disbelievers!'')
(2. "I worship not that which you worship.'')
(3. "Nor will you worship whom I worship.'')
(4. "And I shall not worship that which you are worshipping.'')
(5. "Nor will you worship that which I worship.'')
(6. "To you be your religion, and to me my religion.'')
This Surah is the Surah of disavowal from the deeds of the idolators. It commands a complete disavowal of that. Allah's statement,
قُلْ يأَيُّهَا الْكَـفِرُونَ
(Say: "O disbelievers!'') includes every disbeliever on the face of the earth, however, this statement is particularly directed towards the disbelievers of the Quraysh. It has been said that in their ignorance they invited the Messenger of Allah to worship their idols for a year and they would (in turn) worship his God for a year. Therefore, Allah revealed this Surah and in it
. Allah said,
لاَ أَعْبُدُ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ
(I worship not that which you worship.) meaning, statues and rival gods.
وَلاَ أَنتُمْ عَـبِدُونَ مَآ أَعْبُدُ
(Nor will you worship whom I worship.) and He is Allah Alone, Who has no partner. So the word Ma (what) here means Man (who). Then Allah says,
وَلاَ أَنَآ عَابِدٌ مَّا عَبَدتُّمْ وَلاَ أَنتُمْ عَـبِدُونَ مَآ أَعْبُدُ
(And I shall not worship that which you are worshipping. Nor will you worship whom I worship.) meaning, `I do not worship according to your worship, which means that I do not go along with it or follow it. I only worship Allah in the manner in which He loves and is pleased with.' Thus, Allah says,
وَلاَ أَنتُمْ عَـبِدُونَ مَآ أَعْبُدُ
(Nor will you worship whom I worship.) meaning, `you do not follow the commands of Allah and His Legislation in His worship. Rather, you have invented something out of the promptings of your own souls.' This is as Allah says,
إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلاَّ الظَّنَّ وَمَا تَهْوَى الاٌّنفُسُ وَلَقَدْ جَآءَهُم مِّن رَّبِّهِمُ الْهُدَى
(They follow but a guess and that which they themselves desire, whereas there has surely come to them the guidance from their Lord!) (53:23) Therefore, the disavowal is from all of what they are involved. For certainly the worshipper must have a god whom he worships and set acts of worship that he follows to get to him. So the Messenger and his followers worship Allah according to what He has legislated. This is why the statement of Islam is "There is no God worthy of being worshipped except Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.'' This means that there is no (true) object of worship except Allah and there is no path to Him (i.e., way of worshipping Him) other than that which the Messenger came with. The idolators worship other than Allah, with acts of worship that Allah has not allowed. This is why the Messenger said to them,
لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ وَلِىَ دِينِ
(To you be your religion, and to me my religion.) This is similar to Allah's statement,
وَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُل لِّى عَمَلِى وَلَكُمْ عَمَلُكُمْ أَنتُمْ بَرِيئُونَ مِمَّآ أَعْمَلُ وَأَنَاْ بَرِىءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
(And if they belie you, say: "For me are my deeds and for you are your deeds! You are innocent of what I do, and I am innocent of what you do!'') (10:41) and He said,
لَنَآ أَعْمَـلُنَا وَلَكُمْ أَعْمَـلُكُمْ
(To us our deeds, and to you your deeds.) (28:55) Al-Bukhari said, "It has been said,
لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ
(To you be your religion.) means disbelief.
وَلِىَ دِينِ
(and to me my religion.) means, Islam. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Qul ya Ayyuhal-Kafirun.
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