لَقَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَقِيرٌ وَنَحْنُ أَغْنِيَاءُ ۘ سَنَكْتُبُ مَا قَالُوا وَقَتْلَهُمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَنَقُولُ ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ الْحَرِيقِ
Allah has certainly heard the statement of those [Jews] who said, "Indeed, Allah is poor, while we are rich." We will record what they said and their killing of the prophets without right and will say, "Taste the punishment of the Burning Fire.
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(Verily Allah heard the saying of those who said…) [3:181]. ‘Ikrimah, al-Suddi and Muqatil ibn Ishaq relatedthat, one day, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq entered a Jewish place of study and found a group of Jewish peoplegathered around one of them called Finhas ibn ‘Azura, who was one of their doctors. Abu Bakr said toFinhas: “Fear Allah and embrace Islam, for by Allah you know well that Muhammad is the Messenger ofAllah who has brought the truth to you from Allah. He is mentioned in your Torah; so believe and accept thetruth and grant Allah a goodly offering and He will make you enter the Garden and multiply your reward”.Finhas responded: “O Abu Bakr, you claim that our Lord is asking us to lend Him our wealth. Yet, it is onlythe poor who borrow from the rich. And if what you say is true, it follows that Allah is poor and we are rich,for if He were rich He would not ask us to lend Him our wealth”. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be wellpleased with him, became very angry and struck the face of Finhas with a mighty blow. He then said to him:“By Him in whose Hand is my soul, if it were not for the treaty between us, O enemy of Allah, I would havekilled you”. Finhas went to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and said: “OMuhammad! Look at what your companion has done to me”. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him andgive him peace, asked Abu Bakr: “What has driven you to do what you have done?” He said: “O Messengerof Allah, this enemy of Allah has said something very serious. He claimed that Allah is poor and they arerich. I therefore got angry for the sake of Allah and hit his face”. But Finhas denied that he ever utteredthose words, and so Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse (Verily Allah heard the saying of those whosaid…) to give the lie to Finhas and to confirm that Abu Bakr al-Siddiq said the truth. ‘Abd al-Qahir ibn Tahirinformed us> Abu ‘Amr ibn Matar> Ja‘far ibn al-Layth al-Ziyadi> Hudhayfah Musa ibn Mas‘ud> Shibl> IbnAbi Najih> Mujahid who said: “This verse was revealed about the Jews; Abu Bakr, may Allah be well pleasedwith him, had struck the face of one of their men who said ‘Allah is poor and we are rich’ ”. Shiblcommented: “I was informed that this man was Finhas the Jew, and it is also this man who said: (Allah’shand is fettered) [5:64]”.
فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كُذِّبَ رُسُلٌ مِّن قَبْلِكَ جَآءُوا بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ وَالزُّبُرِ وَالْكِتَـبِ الْمُنِيرِ
(181. Indeed, Allah has heard the statement of those who say: "Truly, Allah is poor and we are rich!'' We shall record what they have said and their killing of the Prophets unjustly, and We shall say: "Taste you the torment of the burning (Fire).'')
(182. This is because of that which your hands have sent before you. And certainly, Allah is never unjust to (His) servants.)
(183. Those who said: "Verily, Allah has taken our promise not to believe in any Messenger unless he brings to us an offering which the fire (from heaven) shall devour. '' Say: "Verily, there came to you Messengers before me, with Al-Bayinat and even with with what you speak of; why then did you kill them, if you are truthful'')
(184. Then if they reject you, so were Messengers rejected before you, who came with Al-Bayinat and the Scriptures and the Book of Enlightenment.)
Sa`id bin Jubayr said that Ibn `Abbas said, "When Allah's statement,
مَّن ذَا الَّذِى يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً
(Who is he that will lend to Allah a goodly loan so that He may multiply it to him many times) 2:245 was revealed, the Jews said, `O Muhammad! Has your Lord become poor so that He asks His servants to give Him a loan' Allah sent down,
لَّقَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَقِيرٌ وَنَحْنُ أَغْنِيَآءُ
(Indeed, Allah has heard the statement of those (Jews) who say: "Truly, Allah is poor and we are rich!'') 3:181.'' This Hadith was collected by Ibn Marduwyah and Ibn Abi Hatim. Allah's statement,
سَنَكْتُبُ مَا قَالُواْ
(We shall record what they have said) contains a threat and a warning that Allah followed with His statement,
وَقَتْلِهِمُ الاٌّنْبِيَآءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ
(and their killing of the Prophets unjustly,) This is what they say about Allah and this is how they treat His Messengers. Allah will punish them for these deeds in the worst manner,
لَّقَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَقِيرٌ وَنَحْنُ أَغْنِيَآءُ سَنَكْتُبُ مَا قَالُواْ وَقَتْلَهُمُ الاٌّنبِيَاءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَنَقُولُ ذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ الْحَرِيقِ - ذلِكَ بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ لَيْسَ بِظَلَّـمٍ لِّلْعَبِيدِ
(and We shall say: "Taste you the torment of the burning (Fire).'' This is because of that which your hands have sent before you. And certainly, Allah is never unjust to (His) servants.) They will be addressed like this as a way of chastising, criticism, disgrace and humiliation. Allah said,
الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَهِدَ إِلَيْنَا أَلاَّ نُؤْمِنَ لِرَسُولٍ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنَا بِقُرْبَانٍ تَأْكُلُهُ النَّارُ
(Those (Jews) who said: "Verily, Allah has taken our promise not to believe in any Messenger unless he brings to us an offering which the fire (from heaven) shall devour.'') Allah refuted their claim that in their Books, Allah took a covenant from them to only believe in the Messenger whose miracles include fire coming down from the sky that consumes the charity offered by a member of the Messenger's nation, as Ibn `Abbas and Al-Hasan stated. Allah replied,
قُلْ قَدْ جَآءَكُمْ رُسُلٌ مِّن قَبْلِى بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ
(Say: "Verily, there came to you Messengers before me, with Al-Bayinat...'') with proofs and evidence,
وَبِالَّذِى قُلْتُمْ
(and even with what you speak of) a fire that consumes the accepted charity, as you asked,
فَلِمَ قَتَلْتُمُوهُمْ
(why then did you kill them) Why did you meet these Prophets with denial, defiance, stubbornness and even murder,
إِن كُنتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ
(if you are truthful), if you follow the truth and obey the Messengers. Allah then comforts His Prophet Muhammad ,
فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كُذِّبَ رُسُلٌ مِّن قَبْلِكَ جَآءُوا بِالْبَيِّنَـتِ وَالزُّبُرِ وَالْكِتَـبِ الْمُنِيرِ
(Then if they reject you, so were Messengers rejected before you, who came with Al-Baiyyinat and the Scripture, and the Book of Enlightenment.) meaning, do not be sad because they deny you, for you have an example in the Messengers who came before you. These Messengers were rejected although they brought clear proofs, plain evidence and unequivocal signs,
(and the Zubur), the divinely revealed Books that were sent down to the Messengers,
وَالْكِتَـبِ الْمُنِيرِ
(and the Book of Enlightenment) meaning the clarification and best explanation.
كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَآئِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ وَإِنَّمَا تُوَفَّوْنَ أُجُورَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ فَمَن زُحْزِحَ عَنِ النَّارِ وَأُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ فَازَ وَما الْحَيَوةُ الدُّنْيَا إِلاَّ مَتَـعُ الْغُرُورِ
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