إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ قَالُوا نَشْهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُ وَاللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لَكَاذِبُونَ
When the hypocrites come to you, [O Muhammad], they say, "We testify that you are the Messenger of Allah." And Allah knows that you are His Messenger, and Allah testifies that the hypocrites are liars.
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إِذَا جَآءَكَ الْمُنَـفِقُونَ قَالُواْ نَشْهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُ وَاللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ لَكَـذِبُونَ - اتَّخَذُواْ أَيْمَـنَهُمْ جُنَّةً فَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُمْ سَآءَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ - ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ءَامَنُواّ ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا فَطُبِعَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لاَ يَفْقَهُونَ - وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ تُعْجِبُكَ أَجْسَـمُهُمْ وَإِن يَقُولُواْ تَسْمَعْ لِقَوْلِهِمْ كَأَنَّهُمْ خُشُبٌ مُّسَنَّدَةٌ يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ هُمُ الْعَدُوُّ فَاحْذَرْهُمْ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّى يُؤْفَكُونَ
(1. When the hypocrites come to you, they say: "We bear witness that you are indeed the Messenger of Allah.'' Allah knows that you are indeed His Messenger, and Allah bears witness that the hypocrites are liars indeed.)
(2. They have made their oaths a screen. Thus they hinder (others) from the path of Allah. Verily, evil is what they used to do.)
(3. That is because they believed, and then disbelieved; therefore their hearts are sealed, so they understand not.)
(4. And when you look at them, their bodies please you; and when they speak, you listen to their words. They are as blocks of wood propped up. They think that every cry is against them. They are the enemies, so beware of them. May Allah curse them! How are they denying the right path)
Allah the Exalted states that the hypocrites pretended to be Muslims when they went to the Prophet . In reality, they were not Muslims, but rather the opposite. This is why Allah the Exalted said,
إِذَا جَآءَكَ الْمُنَـفِقُونَ قَالُواْ نَشْهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ
(When the hypocrites come to you, they say: "We bear witness that you are indeed the Messenger of Allah.'') meaning, `when the hypocrites come to you, they announce this statement and pretend to believe in it.' Allah informs that there is no substance to their statement, and this is why He said,
وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُ
(Allah knows that you are indeed His Messenger,) then said,
وَاللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّ الْمُنَـفِقِينَ لَكَـذِبُونَ
(And Allah bears witness that the hypocrites are liars indeed.) meaning, their claims, even though it is true about the Prophet. But they did not believe inwardly in what they declared outwardly, and this is why Allah declared their falsehood about their creed. Allah's statement,
اتَّخَذْواْ أَيْمَـنَهُمْ جُنَّةً فَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
(They have made their oaths a screen. Thus they hinder (others) from the path of Allah.) meaning, the hypocrites shield themselves from Muslims when they falsely and sinfully swear to be what they are not in reality. Some Muslims were deceived because they did not know their falsehood, and thus, thought that they were Muslims. Some Muslims believed what hypocrites say and even imitated them in their outward behavior. However, inwardly, hypocrites seek the destruction of Islam and its people, and this is why trusting them might bring great harm to many people. This is why Allah said next,
فَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُمْ سَآءَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ
(Thus they hinder (others) from the path of Allah. Verily, evil is what they used to do.) Allah said,
ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ءَامَنُواّ ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا فَطُبِعَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لاَ يَفْقَهُونَ
(That is because they believed, and then disbelieved; therefore their hearts are sealed, so they understand not.) meaning, He has decreed them to be hypocrites because they reverted from faith to disbelief and exchanged guidance for misguidance. Therefore, Allah stamped and sealed their hearts and because of it, they cannot comprehend the guidance, nor any goodness can reach their hearts. Truly, their hearts neither understand, nor attain guidance. Allah said,
وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ تُعْجِبُكَ أَجْسَـمُهُمْ وَإِن يَقُولُواْ تَسْمَعْ لِقَوْلِهِمْ
(And when you look at them, their bodies please you; and when they speak, you listen to their words.) meaning, hypocrites have a graceful outer appearance and are eloquent. When one hears them speak, he will listen to their eloquent words, even though hypocrites are truly weak and feeble, full of fear, fright and cowardice. Allah's statement,
يَحْسَبُونَ كُلَّ صَيْحَةٍ عَلَيْهِمْ
(They think that every cry is against them.) means, every time an incident occurs or something frightening happens, they think that it is headed their way. This is indicative of their cowardice, just as Allah said about them,
أَشِحَّةً عَلَيْكُمْ فَإِذَا جَآءَ الْخَوْفُ رَأَيْتَهُمْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ تَدورُ أَعْيُنُهُمْ كَالَّذِى يُغْشَى عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ الْخَوْفُ سَلَقُوكُم بِأَلْسِنَةٍ حِدَادٍ أَشِحَّةً عَلَى الْخَيْرِ أوْلَـئِكَ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُواْ فَأَحْبَطَ اللَّهُ أَعْمَـلَهُمْ وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيراً
(Being miserly towards you then when fear comes, you will see them looking to you, their eyes revolving like (those of) one over whom hovers death; but when the fear departs, they will smite you with sharp tongues, miserly towards good. Such have not believed. Therefore Allah makes their deeds fruitless and that is ever easy for Allah.) (33:19) They are shapes that do not have much substance, and this is why Allah said,
هُمُ الْعَدُوُّ فَاحْذَرْهُمْ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّى يُؤْفَكُونَ
(They are the enemies, so beware of them. May Allah curse them! How are they denying the right path) means, how they are being led astray to the misguidance, away from the guidance. Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Prophet said,
«إِنَّ لِلْمُنَافِقِينَ عَلَامَاتٍ يُعْرَفُونَ بِهَا: تَحِيَّتُهُمْ لَعْنَةٌ وَطَعَامُهُمْ نُهْبَةٌ وَغَنِيمَتُهُمْ غُلُولٌ لَا يَقْرَبُونَ الْمَسَاجِدَ إِلَّا هَجْرًا، وَلَا يَأْتُونَ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا دَبْرًا، مُسْتَكْبِرِينَ لَا يَأْلَفُونَ وَلَا يُؤْلَفُونَ، خُشُبٌ بِاللَّيْلِ صُخُبٌ بِالنَّهَارِ وفِي رِوَايَةٍ سُخُبٌ بِالنَّهَار»
(Hypocrites have certain signs that they are known by. Their greeting is really a curse, their food is from stealing and the war booty they collect is from theft. They shun the Masjid and they do not come to the prayer but at its end. They are arrogant; it is neither easy for them to blend in, nor it is easy for people to blend with them. They are like pieces of wood by night and are noisy by day.)
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Imam Bukhari meriwayatkan dengan sanadnya yang sampai kepada Zaid bin Arqam ia berkata, âAku berada dalam pasukan perang, lalu aku mendengar Abdullah bin Ubay berkata, âJanganlah kamu berinfak kepada orang-orang yang berada di dekat Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam sehingga mereka bubar (meninggalkan Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam). Sungguh, jika kita pulang dari sisi Beliau, pastilah orang yang kuat akan mengusir orang yang lemah dari sana." Maka aku ceritakan hal itu kepada pamanku atau ke Umar, lalu dia menceritakannya kepada Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, kemudian Beliau memanggilku dan aku menceritakan kepadanya, maka Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam mengirimkan orang kepada Abdullah bin Ubay dan kawan-kawannya, lalu mereka bersumpah bahwa mereka tidak berkata demikian, sehingga Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam menganggapku dusta dan membenarkannya, sehingga aku merasakan kesedihan yang belum pernah aku rasakan sebelumnya. Aku pun duduk di rumah, lalu pamanku berkata kepadaku, âEngkau tidak ingin Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam mendustakanmu dan membencimu,â maka Allah Taâala menurunkan ayat, âApabila orang-orang munafik datang kepadamu (Muhammad),â¦dst.â Lalu Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam mengirim orang kepadaku untuk membacakan ayat dan berkata, âSesungguhnya Allah telah membenarkan kamu wahai Zaid.â (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim)
Ketika Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam tiba di Madinah, jumlah kaum muslimin di Madinah cukup banyak dan Islam pun semakin kuat di sana, maka di antara penduduknya yang belum memeluk Islam menampakkan keimanan di luar dan menyembunyikan kekafiran di batinnya agar kedudukannya tetap terjaga, darahnya tetap terpelihara dan harta mereka dapat terjaga, maka Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala menyebutkan sifat mereka agar diketahui sehingga kaum mukmin dapat bersikap waspada terhadap mereka dan berada di atas pengetahuan.
Dengan lisan mereka yang berbeda dengan hatinya.
Persaksian dari kaum munafik ini adalah dusta dan nifak, padahal untuk memperkuat Rasul-Nya tidak dibutuhkan persaksian mereka.
Dalam ucapan dan dakwaan mereka.
