أَفَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي كَفَرَ بِآيَاتِنَا وَقَالَ لَأُوتَيَنَّ مَالًا وَوَلَدًا
Then, have you seen he who disbelieved in Our verses and said, "I will surely be given wealth and children [in the next life]?"
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(Hast thou seen him who disbelieveth in Our revelations…) [19:77]. Abu Ishaq al-Tha'alibi informed us>'Abd Allah ibn Humayd> Makki ibn 'Abdan> 'Abd Allah ibn Hashim> Abu Mu'awiyah> al-A'mash> Abu'l-Duha> Masruq> Khabbab ibn al-Aratt who said: “I had a debt with al-'As ibn Wa'il and I went to settle itwith him. He said: 'By Allah, I will not pay you until you disbelieve in Muhammad'. I said: 'No, by Allah, I willnot disbelieve in Muhammad until you die and be resurrected'. He said: 'In that case, when I die and amresurrected I will have children and wealth and I will be able to pay you'. And so Allah, exalted is He,revealed this verse”. Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Ibrahim informed us> 'Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Zahid> al-Baghawi> Abu Khaythamah> 'Ali ibn Muslim> Waki'> al-A'mash Abu'l-Duha> Masruq> Khabbab who said:“I used to be a blacksmith and I had an unpaid debt with al-'As ibn Wa'il and so I went to him to ask for it tobe paid. He said to me: 'I will not pay you until you disbelieve in Muhammad, peace be upon him'. I said: 'Iwill not disbelieve in him until you die and be resurrected'. He said: 'Will I be resurrected after death? In thatcase, I will pay you back when I return to my wealth [after the resurrection]'. This verse was then revealed(Hast thou seen him who disbelieveth in Our revelations and saith: Assuredly I shall be given wealth andchildren?)”. This was narrated by Bukhari from al-Humaydi from Sufyan and also by Muslim from al-Ashajjfrom Waki'; both Waki' and Sufyan related it from al-A'mash. Al-Kalbi and Muqatil said: “Khabbab ibn al-Arattused to be a blacksmith working for al-'As ibn Wa'il al-Sahmi who used to delay his payment. One day,Khabbab went to him to ask him for his payment when al-'As said to him: 'I do not have anything today topay you with'. Khabbab said: 'I am not leaving until you pay me'. Al-'As retorted: 'O Khabbab, what is wrongwith you? You did not use to be like this; you used to ask nicely for your payment'. Khabbab said: 'That wasbecause I was following your religion, as for now I have a different religion: I follow Islam'. Al-'As said: 'Doyou not claim that there is gold, silver and silk in the Garden?' Khabbab said: 'Indeed!' Al-'As said: 'Thenwait for me until I pay you in the Garden', he said this mockingly 'by Allah, if what you say is true, I willhave a better share of it than you', and so Allah, exalted is He, revealed (Hast thou seen him whodisbelieveth in Our revelations) meaning: al-'As”.
أَفَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِى كَفَرَ بِـَايَـتِنَا وَقَالَ لأوتَيَنَّ مَالاً وَوَلَداً - أَطَّلَعَ الْغَيْبَ أَمِ اتَّخَذَ عِندَ الرَّحْمَـنِ عَهْداً - كَلاَّ سَنَكْتُبُ مَا يَقُولُ وَنَمُدُّ لَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ مَدّاً - وَنَرِثُهُ مَا يَقُولُ وَيَأْتِينَا فَرْداً
(77. Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our Ayat and said: "I shall certainly be given wealth and children if I live again.'')
(78. Has he known the Unseen or has he taken a covenant from the Most Gracious)
(79. Nay, We shall record what he says, and We shall increase his torment;)
(80. And We shall inherit from him all that he speaks of, and he shall come to Us alone.)
Imam Ahmad reported from Khabbab bin Al-Aratt that he said, "I was a blacksmith and Al-" ®256؛لs bin Wa'il owed me a debt. So I went to him to collect my debt from him. He said to me, `No, by Allah, I will not pay my debt to you until you disbelieve in Muhammad.' I replied to him, `No, by Allah, I will not disbelieve in Muhammad until you die and are resurrected again.' He then said to me, `Verily, if I die and am resurrected, and you come to me, I will also have abundance of wealth and children and I will repay you then.' Then, Allah revealed these Ayat,
أَفَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِى كَفَرَ بِـَايَـتِنَا وَقَالَ لأوتَيَنَّ مَالاً وَوَلَداً
(Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our Ayat and said: "I shall certainly be given wealth and children.'') until,
وَيَأْتِينَا فَرْداً
(and he shall come to Us alone.) This was also recorded by the two compilers of the Sahihs and other collections as well. In the wording of Al-Bukhari it states that Khabbab said, "I used to be a blacksmith in Makkah and I made a sword for Al-" ®256؛لs bin Wa'il. So I went to him to collect my pay from him...'' then he mentioned the rest of the Hadith and he said,
أَمِ اتَّخَذَ عِندَ الرَّحْمَـنِ عَهْداً
(or has he taken a covenant from the Most Gracious) "This means an agreement. '' Concerning Allah's statement,
أَطَّلَعَ الْغَيْبَ
(Has he known the Unseen) This is a rejection of the person who says,
لأوتَيَنَّ مَالاً وَوَلَداً
(I shall certainly be given wealth and children.) Meaning, on the Day of Resurrection. In other words, "Does he know what he will have in the Hereafter, to such an extent that he can swear to it''
أَمِ اتَّخَذَ عِندَ الرَّحْمَـنِ عَهْداً
(or has he taken a covenant from the Most Gracious) Or has he received a promise from Allah that he will be given these things It has already been stated that in Sahih Al-Bukhari it is mentioned that covenant means an agreement. Concerning Allah's statement,
(Nay,) This is a participle that opposes what came before it and gives emphasis to what follows it.
سَنَكْتُبُ مَا يَقُولُ
(We shall record what he says,) what he is seeking, and his idea that he has given himself about what he hopes for, and his disbelief in Allah the Most Great.
وَنَمُدُّ لَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ مَدّاً
(We shall increase his torment. ) This is referring to what will happen in the abode of the Hereafter, because of his saying his disbelief in Allah in this life.
وَنَرِثُهُ مَا يَقُولُ
(And We shall inherit from him all that he speaks of,) His wealth and children. It means, "We will take all of this from him, in opposition to his claim that he will be given more wealth and children in the Hereafter than he had in this life.'' To the contrary, in the Hereafter that which he had in this life will be taken from him. This is why Allah says,
وَيَأْتِينَا فَرْداً
(And he shall come to Us alone.) without wealth or children.
وَاتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ ءالِهَةً لِّيَكُونُواْ لَهُمْ عِزّاً
كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً
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Imam Bukhari meriwayatkan dengan sanadnya dari Muhammad bin Katsir yang sampai kepada Khabbab, ia berkata, âAku seorang tukang besi di Mekah, lalu aku membuatkan pedang untuk Al âAshiy bin Waâil As Sahmiy, kemudian aku datang untuk menagih hutangnya. Al âAshiy berkata, âAku tidak akan memberimu (bayarannya) sampai kamu kafir kepada Muhammad.â Aku menjawab, âAku tidak akan kafir kepada Muhammad shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam sampai Allah mewafatkan kamu, lalu menghidupkan kamu.â Ia berkata, âApabila Allah mewafatkan aku kemudian membangkitkanku, maka aku akan memiliki harta dan anak (sehingga aku akan membayar hutangku).â Maka Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala menurunkan ayat, âLalu apakah engkau telah melihat orang yang mengingkari ayat-ayat Kami dan dia mengatakan, "Pasti aku akan diberi harta dan anak.-- Adakah dia melihat yang gaib atau dia telah membuat perjanjian di sisi Tuhan Yang Maha Pengasih?â Imam Bukhari juga meriwayatkan dengan sanadnya dari Umar bin Hafsh yang sampai kepada Khabbab, di sana disebutkan bahwa Al âAshiy bin Waâil berkata, âApakah aku akan mati lalu dibangkitkan?â Aku (Khabbab) berkata, âYa.â Khabbab berkata, âKalau begitu, di sana aku akan memiliki harta dan anak, lalu aku akan membayar hutangmu.â Maka Allah Taâala menurunnkan ayat, âLalu apakah engkau telah melihat orang yang mengingkari ayat-ayat Kami dan dia mengatakan, "Pasti aku akan diberi harta dan anak.â
Yakni termasuk orang yang bahagia atau masuk surga. Sungguh aneh sekali keadaan orang kafir, sudah di dunianya mengingkari ayat-ayat Allah, namun menyangka bahwa dirinya akan diberikan kesenangan oleh-Nya. Kalau sangkaan ini muncul dari orang yang beriman dan taat kepada Allah, maka masalahnya ringan. Tetapi ternyata sangkaan ini muncul dari orang yang kafir.
