ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ السَّيِّئَةَ ۚ نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَصِفُونَ
Repel, by [means of] what is best, [their] evil. We are most knowing of what they describe.
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قُل رَّبِّ إِمَّا تُرِيَنِّى مَا يُوعَدُونَ - رَبِّ فَلاَ تَجْعَلْنِى فِى الْقَوْمِ الظَّـلِمِينَ - وَإِنَّا عَلَى أَن نُّرِيَكَ مَا نَعِدُهُمْ لَقَـدِرُونَ - ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ السَّيِّئَةَ نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَصِفُونَ - وَقُلْ رَّبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ هَمَزَاتِ الشَّيـطِينِ - وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ رَبِّ أَن يَحْضُرُونِ
(93. Say: "My Lord! If You would show me that with which they are threatened, '')
(94. "My Lord! Then, put me not amongst the people who are the wrongdoers.'')
(95. And indeed We are able to show you that with which We have threatened them.)
(96. Repel evil with that which is better. We are best-acquainted with the things they utter.)
(97. And say: "My Lord! I seek refuge with You from the whisperings of the Shayatin.'')
(98. "And I seek refuge with You, My Lord! lest they should come near me.'')
Allah commands His Prophet Muhammad to call on Him with this supplication when calamity strikes:
رَّبِّ إِمَّا تُرِيَنِّى مَا يُوعَدُونَ
(My Lord! If You would show me that with which they are threatened.) meaning, `if You punish them while I am witnessing that, then do not cause me to be one of them.' As was said in the Hadith recorded by Imam Ahmad and At-Tirmidhi, who graded it Sahih:
«وَإِذَا أَرَدْتَ بِقَومٍ فِتْنَةً فَتَوفَّنِي إِلَيْكَ غَيْرَ مَفْتُون»
(If You want to test people, then take me to You cause me to die without having to undergo the test.)
وَإِنَّا عَلَى أَن نُّرِيَكَ مَا نَعِدُهُمْ لَقَـدِرُونَ
(And indeed We are able to show you that with which We have threatened them.) means, `if We willed, We could show you the punishment and test that We will send upon them.' Then Allah shows him the best way to behave when mixing with people, which is to treat kindly the one who treats him badly, so as to soften his heart and turn his enmity to friendship, and to turn his hatred to love. Allah says:
ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ السَّيِّئَةَ
(Repel evil with that which is better. ) This is like the Ayah:
ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ فَإِذَا الَّذِى بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ عَدَاوَةٌ كَأَنَّهُ وَلِىٌّ حَمِيمٌوَمَا يُلَقَّاهَا إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ صَبَرُواْ
(Repel (the evil) with one which is better, then verily he, between whom and you there was enmity, (will become) as though he was a close friend. But none is granted it except those who are patient) 41:34-35. meaning, nobody will be helped or inspired to follow this advice or attain this quality,
إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ صَبَرُواْ
(except those who are patient) meaning, those who patiently bear people's insults and bad treatment and deal with them in a good manner when they are on the receiving end of bad treatment from them.
وَمَا يُلَقَّاهَآ إِلاَّ ذُو حَظِّ عَظِيمٍ
(and none is granted it except the owner of the great portion) means, in this world and the Hereafter. And Allah says:
وَقُلْ رَّبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ هَمَزَاتِ الشَّيـطِينِ
(And say: "My Lord! I seek refuge with You from the whisperings of the Shayatin.'') Allah commanded him to seek refuge with Him from the Shayatin, because no trick could help you against them and you cannot protect yourself by being kind to them. We have already stated, when discussing Isti`adhah (seeking refuge), that the Messenger of Allah used to say,
«أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ مِنْ هَمْزِهِ وَنَفْخِهِ وَنَفْثِه»
(I seek refuge with Allah, the All-Hearing, All-Seeing, from the accursed Shayatin, from his whisperings, evil suggestions and insinuations.) His saying:
وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ رَبِّ أَن يَحْضُرُونِ
("And I seek refuge with You, My Lord! lest they should come near me.'') means, in any issue of my life. So we are commanded to mention Allah at the beginning of any undertaking, in order to ward off the Shayatin at the time of eating, intercourse, slaughtering animals for food, etc. Abu Dawud recorded that the Messenger of Allah used to say:
«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْهَرَمِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْهَدْمِ وَمِنَ الْغَرَقِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ يَتَخَبَّطَنِي الشَّيْطَانُ عِنْدَ الْمَوْت»
(O Allah, I seek refuge with You from old age, I seek refuge with You from being crushed or drowned, and I seek refuge with you from being assaulted by the Shayatin at the time of death.)
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Syaikh As Saâdiy berkata, âApabila musuhmu berbuat jahat kepadamu baik dengan perkataan maupun perbuatan, maka janganlah membalas dengan kejahatan, meskipun sesungguhnya boleh membalas kejahatan dengan kejahatan yang serupa, akan tetapi membalas dengan berbuat ihsan adalah sebuah keutamaan darimu kepada orang yang berbuat jahat. Di antara maslahatnya adalah berkurangnya perbuatan jahatnya baik saat itu maupun yang akan datang, dapat membawa orang yang berbuat jahat kepada kebenaran dan lebih mendekatkannya untuk menyesali perbuatannya dan kembali dengan bertobat dari perbuatannya, dan agar orang yang memaafkan dapat memiliki sifat ihsan serta dapat mengalahkan musuhnya, yaitu setan serta dapat menarik pahala dari Allah. Allah Taâala berfirman, âMaka barang siapa memaafkan dan berbuat baik, maka pahalanya atas (tanggungan) Allah.â(Terj. Asy Syuuraa: 40)â¦dst.â
Maksudnya, apa yang mereka ucapkan berupa kata-kata kufur dan penolakan terhadap kebenaran, maka ilmu Kami meliputinya, dan Kami sabar terhadapnya serta menundanya. Oleh karena itu, engkau wahai Muhammad hendaknya bersabar terhadap apa yang mereka katakan dan membalas dengan perbuatan ihsan. Inilah cara seorang hamba dalam membalas keburukan manusia, adapun jika berasal dari setan, maka berbuat ihsan kepada mereka tidaklah bermanfaat karena ia selalu mengajak manusia untuk menjadi penghuni neraka, maka untuk menghadapinya adalah dengan mengikuti petunjuk Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala sebagaimana yang diterangkan dalam ayat selanjutnya.
