مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ كَمَثَلِ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ اتَّخَذَتْ بَيْتًا ۖ وَإِنَّ أَوْهَنَ الْبُيُوتِ لَبَيْتُ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ ۖ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ
The example of those who take allies other than Allah is like that of the spider who takes a home. And indeed, the weakest of homes is the home of the spider, if they only knew.
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مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْلِيَآءَ كَمَثَلِ الْعَنكَبُوتِ اتَّخَذَتْ بَيْتاً وَإِنَّ أَوْهَنَ الْبُيُوتِ لَبَيْتُ الْعَنكَبُوتِ لَوْ كَانُواْ يَعْلَمُونَ - إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ مِن شَىْءٍ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ - وَتِلْكَ الاٌّمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ وَمَا يَعْقِلُهَآ إِلاَّ الْعَـلِمُونَ
(41. The parable of those who seek protectors from other than Allah is that of a spider who builds a house; but indeed, the weakest of houses is the spider's house -- if they but knew.)
(42. Verily, Allah knows what things they invoke instead of Him. He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.)
(43. And these are the examples We give for mankind; but none will understand them except those who have knowledge (of Allah).)
This is how Allah described the idolators in their reverence of gods besides Him, hoping that they would help them and provide for them, and turning to them in times of difficulties. In this regard, they were like the house of a spider, which is so weak and frail, because by clinging to these gods they were like a person who holds on to a spider's web, who does not gain any benefit from that. If they knew this, they would not take any protectors besides Allah. This is unlike the Muslim believer, whose heart is devoted to Allah, yet he still does righteous deeds and follows the Laws of Allah, for he has grasped the most trustworthy handle that will never break because it is so strong and firm. Then Allah warns those who worship others besides Him and associate others with Him that He knows what they do and the rivals they associate with Him. He will punish them for their attribution, for He is All-Wise and All-Knowing. Then He says:
وَتِلْكَ الاٌّمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ وَمَا يَعْقِلُهَآ إِلاَّ الْعَـلِمُونَ
(And these are the examples We give for mankind; but none will understand them except those who have knowledge.) meaning, no one understands them or ponders them except those who are possessed of deep knowledge. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `Amr bin Murrah said, "I never came across an Ayah of the Book of Allah that I did not know, but it grieved me, because I heard that Allah says:
وَتِلْكَ الاٌّمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ وَمَا يَعْقِلُهَآ إِلاَّ الْعَـلِمُونَ
(And these are the examples We give for mankind; but none will understand them except those who have knowledge. )''
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Luth adalah anak saudara Ibrahim.
Kaum Luth di samping melakukan perbuatan syirk juga mengerjakan perbuatan keji, menyamun dan melakukan perbuatan munkar di majlis mereka, maka Luth menasehati mereka tentang perkara ini dan menerangkan keburukannya serta menerangkan akibat dari perbuatan itu, namun mereka tidak berhenti dan sadar.
Sebagian ahli tafsir mengartikan menyamun di sini dengan melakukan perbuatan keji terhadap orang-orang yang lewat dalam perjalanan, karena sebagian besar mereka melakukan homoseksual dengan tamu-tamu yang datang ke kampung mereka. Ada pula yang mengartikan dengan merusak jalan keturunan karena berbuat homoseksual itu, ada ada pula yang menafsirkan, dengan menghadang orang-orang yang lewat lalu membunuh dan merampas harta mereka.
Bahwa perbuatan itu keji dan bahwa azab akan turun menimpa pelakunya.
