وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلَا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْرًا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ ۗ وَمَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا مُبِينًا
It is not for a believing man or a believing woman, when Allah and His Messenger have decided a matter, that they should [thereafter] have any choice about their affair. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger has certainly strayed into clear error.
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وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلاَ مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْراً أَن يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَـلاً مُّبِيناً
(36. It is not for a believer, man or woman, when Allah and His Messenger have decreed a matter that they should have any option in their decision. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, he has indeed strayed into a plain error.)
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Barzah Al-Aslami said: "Julaybib was a man who used to enter upon women and joke with them. I said to my wife, `Do not let Julaybib enter upon you, for if he enters upon you I shall do such and such.' If any of the Ansar had a single female relative, they would not arrange a marriage for her until they found out whether the Prophet wanted to marry her or not. The Prophet said to one of the Ansar:
«زَوِّجْنِي ابْنَتَك»
(Give me your daughter for marriage.) He said, `Yes, O Messenger of Allah, it would be an honor and a blessing.' He said,
«إِنِّي لَسْتُ أُرِيدُهَا لِنَفْسِي»
(I do not want her for myself.) He said, `Then for whom, O Messenger of Allah' He said,
(For Julaybib.) He said, `O Messenger of Allah, let me consult her mother.' So he went to the girl's mother and said, `The Messenger of Allah is proposing marriage for your daughter.' She said, `Yes, it would be a pleasure.' He said, `He is not proposing to marry her himself, he is proposing on behalf of Julaybib.' She said, `What! Julaybib No, by Allah, we will not marry her to him.' When he wanted to get up and go to the Messenger of Allah to tell him what the girl's mother had said, the girl asked, `Who is asking for my hand' So her mother told her, and she said, `Are you refusing to follow the command of the Messenger of Allah Follow his command, for I will not come to any harm.' So her father went to the Messenger of Allah and said, `Deal with her as you wish.' So he married her to Julaybib. Then the Messenger of Allah went out on one of his military campaigns, and after Allah had granted him victory, he said to his Companions, may Allah be pleased with them,
«هَلْ تَفْقِدُونَ مِنْ أَحَد»
(See whether there is anybody missing.) They said, `We have lost so-and-so, and so-and-so.' He said,
«انْظُرُوا هَلْ تَفْقِدُونَ مِنْ أَحَد»
(See if there is anybody missing.) They said, `No one.' He said:
«لَكِنَّنِي أَفْقِدُ جُلَيْبِيبًا»
(But I see that Julaybib is missing.) He said:
«فَاطْلُبُوهُ فِي الْقَتْلَى»
(Go and look for him among the dead.) So they looked for him, and found him beside seven of the enemy whom he had killed before he was himself killed. They said, `O Messenger of Allah, here he is, beside seven of the enemy whom he had killed before he was himself killed.' The Messenger of Allah came and stood beside him and said,
«قَتَلَ سَبْعَةً وَقَتَلُوهُ، هَذَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْه»
(He killed seven before he was himself killed. He belongs to me and I belong to him.) He said this two or three times, then the Messenger of Allah carried him in his arms and held him while his grave was dug, then he placed him in his grave. It was not mentioned that he washed him, may Allah be pleased with him.'' Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "There was no widow among the Ansar who was more sought after for marriage than that girl.'' Ishaq bin `Abdullah bin Abi Talhah asked Thabit, "Do you know how the Messenger of Allah prayed for that girl'' He told him: "He said,
«اللَّهُمَّ صُبَّ عَلَيْهَا الْخَيْرَ صَبًّا وَلَا تَجْعَلْ عَيْشَهَا كَدًّا»
(O Allah, pour blessings upon her and do not make her life hard.) And this is how it was; there was no widow among the Ansar who was more sought after for marriage than her.'' This is how it was recorded by Imam Ahmad, in full. Muslim and An-Nasa'i recorded the story of his death in Al-Fada'il. Al-Hafiz Abu `Umar bin `Abd Al-Barr mentioned in Al-Isti`ab that when the girl said in her seclusion, `Are you refusing to follow the command of the Messenger of Allah ' -- This Ayah was revealed:
وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلاَ مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْراً أَن يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ
(It is not for a believer, man or woman, when Allah and His Messenger have decreed a matter that they should have any option in their decision.) It was narrated that Tawus asked Ibn `Abbas about praying two Rak`ahs after `Asr and he told him not to do that. Ibn `Abbas recited:
وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلاَ مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْراً أَن يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ
(It is not for a believer, man or woman, when Allah and His Messenger have decreed a matter that they should have any option in their decision.) This Ayah is general in meaning and applies to all matters, i.e., if Allah and His Messenger decreed a matter, no one has the right to go against that, and no one has any choice or room for personal opinion in this case. Allah says: o
فَلاَ وَرَبِّكَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لاَ يَجِدُواْ فِى أَنفُسِهِمْ حَرَجاً مِّمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُواْ تَسْلِيماً
(But no, by your Lord, they can have no faith, until they make you judge in all disputes between them, and find in themselves no resistance against your decisions, and accept (them) with full submission.) (4:65) Hence the issue of going against it is addressed in such strong terms, as Allah says:
وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَـلاً مُّبِيناً
(And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, he has indeed strayed into a plain error.) This is like the Ayah:
فَلْيَحْذَرِ الَّذِينَ يُخَـلِفُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ أَن تُصِيبَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ أَوْ يُصِيبَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
(And let those who oppose the Messenger's commandment, beware, lest some Fitnah should befall them or a painful torment be inflicted on them) (24:63).
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Sebagian ulama berpendapat, bahwa ayat ini turun berkenaan dengan Abdullah bin Jahsy dan saudarinya Zainab yang dilamarkan oleh Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam untuk Zaid bin Haritsah, lalu keduanya tidak suka karena sebelumnya mereka mengira bahwa Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam melamar Zainab adalah untuk dirinya sendiri, namun akhirnya keduanya ridha karena ayat tersebut. Ada pula yang berpendapat, bahwa ayat ini turun berkenaan dengan Ummu Kultsum binti âUqbah bin Abi Muâaith radhiyallahu 'anha, ia adalah wanita yang pertama berhijrah, yakni setelah perdamaian Hudaibiyah, lalu ia memberikan dirinya kepada Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, maka Beliau bersabda, âAku terima,â maka Beliau menikahkannya dengan Zaid bin Haritsah radhiyallahu 'anhu, yakni âwallahu aâlam- setelah ia (Zaid) berpisah dengan Zainab, lalu ia dan saudaranya marah dan berkata, âYang kami mau adalah Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam, tetapi kami malah menikahkan kepada budaknya.â Maka turunlah ayat di atas.
Yakni tidak pantas dan tidak layak bagi orang yang memiliki sifat iman selain segera melakukan perbuatan yang diridhai Allah dan Rasul-Nya, menjauh dari kemurkaan Allah dan Rasul-Nya, mengerjakan perintah dan menjauhi larangan. Tidak pantas bagi mereka memiliki pilihan lain, bahkan seorang mukmin laki-laki maupun perempuan tentu mengetahui, bahwa Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam lebih utama bagi mereka daripada diri mereka sendiri. Oleh karena itu, jangan sampai sebagian hawa nafsu mereka menghalanginya menjalankan perintah Allah dan Rasul-Nya.
Karena dia telah meninggalkan jalan yang lurus yang menghubungkan kepada surga, sedangkan jalan-jalan yang lain malah menghubungkannya ke neraka. Oleh karena itulah di bagian awal ayat ini disebutkan sebab yang mengharuskan mereka tidak menentang perintah Allah dan Rasul-Nya, yaitu iman, dan di bagian akhirnya, Dia menyebutkan penghalangnya, yaitu ancaman sesat yang menunjukkan akan memperoleh siksa dan hukuman.
