وَلَا تَتَمَنَّوْا مَا فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ بَعْضَكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ لِلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِمَّا اكْتَسَبُوا ۖ وَلِلنِّسَاءِ نَصِيبٌ مِمَّا اكْتَسَبْنَ ۚ وَاسْأَلُوا اللَّهَ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا
And do not wish for that by which Allah has made some of you exceed others. For men is a share of what they have earned, and for women is a share of what they have earned. And ask Allah of his bounty. Indeed Allah is ever, of all things, Knowing.
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(And covet not the thing in which Allah hath made some of you excel others…) [4:32] Isma‘il ibn Abi al-Qasim al-Sufi informed us> Isma‘il ibn Najid> Ja‘far ibn Muhammad ibn Sawwar> Qutaybah> Sufyan ibn‘Uyaynah> Ibn Abi Najih> Mujahid who reported that Umm Salamah asked: “O Messenger of Allah! [how isit that] the men go out in military conquests and we do not; and how come we have half of the inheritance”.And so Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse (And covet not the thing in which Allah hath made some ofyou excel others). Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz informed us> Muhammad ibn al-Husayn> Muhammad ibnYahya ibn Yazid> Ishaq ibn Ibrahim> ‘Attab ibn Bashir> Khusayf> ‘Ikrimah who reported that the womenasked about Jihad, saying: “We wish that Allah had prescribed military conquest for us so that we acquirethe same reward that men do”, and so Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse (And covet not the thing inwhich Allah hath made some of you excel others). Said Qatadah and al-Suddi: “When the words of Allah (…unto the male the equivalent of the share of two females…) [4:176], the men said: ‘We hope that we shallbe preferred over women through our rewards in the Afterlife just as we were preferred over them in thedivision of estate so that our reward is double the reward of women’. The women, on the other hand, said:‘We hope that our onus will be half that of men in the Afterlife just as our share of estate is half that of menin this world’. And so Allah, exalted is He, revealed (And covet not the thing in which Allah hath made someof you excel others)”.
وَلاَ تَتَمَنَّوْاْ مَا فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ بَعْضَكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا اكْتَسَبُواْ وَلِلنِّسَآءِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا اكْتَسَبْنَ وَاسْأَلُواْ اللَّهَ مِن فَضْلِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيماً
(32. And wish not for the things in which Allah has made some of you to excel others. For men there is reward for what they have earned, (and likewise) for women there is reward for what they have earned, and ask Allah of His bounty. Surely, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything.)
Imam Ahmad recorded that Umm Salamah said, "O Messenger of Allah! Men go to battle, but we do not go to battle, and we earn one-half of the inheritance (that men get).'' Allah sent down,
وَلاَ تَتَمَنَّوْاْ مَا فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ بَعْضَكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ
(And wish not for the things in which Allah has made some of you to excel others). At-Tirmidhi also recorded this Hadith. Allah's statement,
لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا اكْتَسَبُواْ وَلِلنِّسَآءِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا اكْتَسَبْنَ
(For men there is reward for what they have earned, (and likewise) for women there is reward for what they have earned,) indicates, according to Ibn Jarir, that each person will earn his wages for his works, a reward if his deeds are good, and punishment if his deeds are evil. It was also reported that this Ayah is talking about inheritance, indicating the fact that each person will get his due share of the inheritance, as Al-Walibi reported from Ibn `Abbas. Allah then directed the servants to what benefits them,
وَاسْأَلُواْ اللَّهَ مِن فَضْلِهِ
(and ask Allah of His Bounty.)Therefore, the Ayah states, "Do not wish for what other people were endowed with over you, for this is a decision that will come to pass, and wishing does not change its decree. However, ask Me of My favor and I will grant it to you, for I Am Most Generous and Most Giving.'' Allah then said,
إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيماً
(Surely, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything.) meaning, Allah knows who deserves this life, and so He gives him riches, and whoever deserves poverty, He makes him poor. He also knows who deserves the Hereafter, and He directs him to perform the deeds that will help him to be sucessful in it, and whoever deserves failure, He prevents him from achieving righteousness and what leads to it. Hence, Allah said, m
إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيماً
(Surely, Allah is Ever All-Knower of everything).
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Baik karunia dari sisi dunia maupun agama, yang mungkin maupun tidak mungkin. Oleh karena itu, kaum wanita tidak boleh iri hati terhadap keistimewaan yang dimiliki kaum laki-laki, demikian juga orang miskin dan bercacat tidak boleh iri hati kepada orang yang kaya atau yang sempurna. Yang demikian merupakan hasad, karena dia ingin nikmat Allah yang ada pada orang lain berpindah kepada dirinya. Hal itu dilarang, karena dapat membuahkan sikap kesal terhadap taqdir Allah, membuat malas serta membuahkan angan-angan yang tidak dibarengi amal dan usaha. Yang terpuji adalah jika seorang hamba berusaha sesuai kemampuannya untuk memperoleh hal yang bermanfaat baginya baik agama maupun dunia, meminta karunia kepada Allah, tidak bersandar kepada diri serta tidak kepada sesuatu yang lain selain kepada Allah Tuhannya.
Berupa pahala.
Seperti jihad dan amal saleh lainnya.
Berupa ketaatan kepada suami dan menjaga kehormatan. Ayat ini turun ketika Ummu Salamah berkata, "Andaisaja kita laki-laki, sehingga kita dapat berjihad sehingga memperoleh pahala seperti yang diperoleh kaum laki-laki."
Yakni mohonlah kepada Allah apa saja yang kamu butuhkan, niscaya Dia akan memberikannya kepadamu. Hal ini termasuk sempurnanya seorang hamba dan tanda bahagia dirinya, tidak seperti orang yang tidak beramal atau bersandar kepada dirinya tidak butuh kepada Tuhannya, atau menggabung kedua hal tersebut (tidak beramal dan bersandar kepada dirinya), orang yang seperti ini adalah orang yang rugi.
Di antara pengetahuan-Nya adalah Dia mengetahui siapa yang berhak mendapatkan karunia dan mengetahui permintaan kamu. Dia memberikan orang yang diketahui-Nya berhak memperoleh pemberian-Nya dan mencegah orang yang diketahui-Nya tidak layak memperolehnya.
