وَتَرَىٰ كَثِيرًا مِنْهُمْ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ ۚ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
And you see many of them hastening into sin and aggression and the devouring of [what is] unlawful. How wretched is what they have been doing.
Ingin rezeki berlimpah dengan berkah? Ketahui rahasianya dengan Klik disini!
(Thou wilt find the most vehement of mankind in hostility to those who believe (to be) the Jews) up to Hiswords (But those who disbelieve and deny Our revelations, they are owners of hell-fire) [5:82-86]. Theseverses were revealed about the Negus and his followers. Said Ibn ‘Abbas: “When he was in Mecca, theMessenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, used to fear the idolaters’ persecution of hisCompanions. He therefore sent Ja‘far ibn Abi Talib and ‘Abd Allah ibn Mas‘ud, at the head of a group of hisCompanions, to the Negus. He said: ‘The Negus is a righteous man; he is not an oppressor and none isoppressed in his dominion. So head toward him and remain there until Allah creates relief for the Muslims’.When they went to him, the Negus honoured them and then asked them: ‘Do you memorise anything ofthat which was revealed to you?’ They answered in the affirmative and then recited to him [some Qur’an,]with monks and priests surrounding him. Whenever they read a verse, the tears rolled down their cheeksdue to the truth which they recognized. Allah, exalted is He, says: (That is because there are among thempriests and monks, and because they are not proud)”. Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad al-Farisi informed us>Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Hamdun ibn al-Fadl> Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan> Muhammad ibnYahya> Abu Salih, the scribe of al-Layth> al-Layth> Yunus> Ibn Shihab> Sa‘id ibn al-Musayyab and ‘Urwahibn al-Zubayr as well as others who said: “The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, sent‘Amr ibn Umayyah al-Damri with a message to the Negus. The latter read the message of the Messenger ofAllah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and then called Ja‘far ibn Abi Talib and all the Emigrants with himand he also invited priests and monks to the assembly. He ordered Ja‘far ibn Abi Talib to recite to them fromthe Qur’an, and he read Surah Maryam, peace be upon her. They believed in the Qur’an and tears flowedfrom their eyes. It is about them that Allah, exalted is He, revealed (And thou wilt find the nearest of themin affection to those who believe (to be) those who say: Lo! We are Christians) up to His words (Inscribe usas among the witnesses)”. Other commentators said: “Ja‘far ibn Abi Talib and his companions came fromAbyssinia accompanied by a delegation from the Negus to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and givehim peace. The delegation included seventy men, all wearing wool. There were sixty-two from Abyssinia andeight from Syria: Bahirah the monk, Abrahah, Idris, Ashraf, Tammam, Quthaym, Durayd and Ayman. Whenthe Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, recited to them Surah Yasin, they wept andbelieved. They commented: ‘How similar is this to what used to be revealed to Jesus’. And so Allah, exaltedis He, revealed about them these verses”. Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-‘Adl informed us> Zahir ibn Ahmad>Abu’l-Qasim al-Baghawi> ‘Ali ibn al-Ja‘d> Sharik> Salim> Sa‘id ibn Jubayr who, commenting on Allah’swords (That is because there are among them priests and monks), said: “The Negus sent thirty men amonghis best subjects to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace. When the Messenger ofAllah, Allah bless him and give him peace, recited to them Surah Yasin, they wept, and so this verse wasrevealed”.
هَلْ تَنقِمُونَ مِنَّآ إِلاَّ أَنْ ءَامَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبْلُ
a(59. Say: "O People of the Scripture! Do you criticize us for no other reason than that we believe in Allah, and in what has been sent down to us and in that which has been sent down before (us), and that most of you are rebellious'')
(60. Say: "Shall I inform you of something worse than that, regarding the recompense from Allah: those who incurred the curse of Allah and His wrath, and those of whom He transformed into monkeys and swine, and those who worshipped Taghut; such are worse in rank, and far more astray from the straight path.'')
(61. When they come to you, they say: "We believe.'' But in fact they enter with disbelief and they go out with the same. And Allah knows all that they were hiding.)
(62. And you see many of them hurrying for sin and transgression, and eating illegal things. Evil indeed is that which they have been doing.)
(63. Why do not the Rabbaniyyun and the Ahbar forbid them from uttering sinful words and from eating illegal things. Evil indeed is that which they have been performing.)
Allah commands: Say, O Muhammad, to those who mock and jest about your religion from among the People of the Scriptures,
(Do you criticize us for no other reason than that we believe in Allah, and in what has been sent down to us and in that which has been sent down before (us)) Do you have any criticism or cause of blame for us, other than this This, by no means, is cause of blame or criticism. Allah said in other Ayat,
وَمَا نَقَمُواْ مِنْهُمْ إِلاَّ أَن يُؤْمِنُواْ بِاللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ
(And they had no fault except that they believed in Allah, the Almighty, Worthy of all praise!) and,
وَمَا نَقَمُواْ إِلاَ أَنْ أَغْنَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ
(and they could not find any cause to do so except that Allah and His Messenger had enriched them of His bounty.)9:74 In an agreed upon Hadith, the Prophet said,
«مَا يَنْقِمُ ابْنُ جَمِيلٍ إِلَّا أَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَأَغْنَاهُ الله»
(What caused Ibn Jamil to Yanqim (refuse to give Zakah), although he was poor and Allah made him rich) Allah's statement,
وَأَنَّ أَكْثَرَكُمْ فَـسِقُونَ
(and that most of you are rebellious. ..) is connected to
أَنْ ءَامَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبْلُ
(that we believe in Allah, and in that which has been sent down to us and in that which has been sent down before (us).) Therefore, the meaning of this part of the Ayah is: we also believe that most of you are rebellious and deviated from the straight path.
Allah said next,
قُلْ هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِّن ذلِكَ مَثُوبَةً عِندَ اللَّهِ
(Say: "Shall I inform you of something worse than that, regarding the recompense from Allah") The Ayah commands the Prophet to say: Shall I inform you about a worse people with Allah on the Day of Resurrection than what you think of us They are you, with these characteristics,
مَن لَّعَنَهُ اللَّهُ
(those who incurred the curse of Allah) were expelled from His mercy,
وَغَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ
(and who incurred His wrath) and anger, after which He will never be pleased with them,
وَجَعَلَ مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ
(those of whom He transformed into monkeys and swine,) as we mentioned in Surat Al-Baqarah (2) and as we will mention in Surat Al-A`raf (7). Sufyan Ath-Thawri narrated that Ibn Mas`ud said, "Allah's Messenger was asked if the current monkeys and swine were those whom Allah transformed. He said,
«إنَّ اللهَ لَمْ يُهْلِكْ قَوْمًا، أَوْ لَمْ يَمْسَخْ قَوْمًا فَيَجْعَلَ لَهُمْ نَسْلًا وَلَا عَقِبًا، وَإِنَّ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ كَانَتْ قَبْلَ ذلِك»
(Allah never destroyed a people by transforming them and making offspring or descendants for them. The monkeys and swine existed before that.)'' This was also recorded by Muslim. Allah said,
وَعَبَدَ الطَّـغُوتَ
(Those who worshipped Taghut...) and served them, becoming their servants. The meaning of this Ayah is: you, O People of the Scriptures, who mock our religion, which consists of Allah's Tawhid, and singling Him out in worship without others, how can you mock us while these are your characteristics This is why Allah said,
أُوْلَـئِكَ شَرٌّ مَّكَاناً
(such are worse in rank...) than what you -- People of the Scriptures -- think of us Muslims,
وَأَضَلُّ عَن سَوَآءِ السَّبِيلِ
(and far more astray from the straight path.) `More' in the Ayah does not mean that the other party is `less' astray, but it means that the People of the Scriptures are far astray. In another Ayah, Allah said,
أَصْحَـبُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَيْرٌ مُّسْتَقَرّاً وَأَحْسَنُ مَقِيلاً
(The dwellers of Paradise will, on that Day, have the best abode, and have the fairest of places for repose.)
Allah said,
وَإِذَا جَآءُوكُمْ قَالُواْ ءَامَنَّا وَقَدْ دَّخَلُواْ بِالْكُفْرِ وَهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُواْ بِهِ
(When they come to you, they say, "We believe.'' But in fact they enter with (an intention of) disbelief and they go out with the same.) This is the description of the hypocrites, for they pretend to be believers while their hearts hide Kufr. So Allah said;
وَقَدْ دَّخَلُواْ
(But in fact they enter) on you, O Muhammad,
(with disbelief) in their hearts and they depart with Kufr, and this is why they do not benefit from the knowledge they hear from you, nor does the advice and reminder move them. So,
وَهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُواْ بِهِ
(and they go out with the same) meaning, they alone,
وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْتُمُونَ
(and Allah knows all that they were hiding.) Allah knows their secrets and what their hearts conceal, even if they pretend otherwise with His creatures, thus pretending to be what they are not. Allah, Who has perfect knowledge of the seen and unseen, has more knowledge about the hypocrites than any of His creatures do and He will recompense them accordingly. Allah's statement,
وَتَرَى كَثِيراً مِّنْهُمْ يُسَـرِعُونَ فِى الإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ
(And you see many of them (Jews) hurrying for sin and transgression, and eating illegal things.) They hurry to devour prohibited and illegal things, all the while transgressing against people, unjustly consuming their property through bribes and Riba,
لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ
(Evil indeed is that which they have been doing.) Indeed, horrible is that which they used to do and the transgression that they committed.
Allah said,
لَوْلاَ يَنْهَـهُمُ الرَّبَّـنِيُّونَ وَالاٌّحْبَارُ عَن قَوْلِهِمُ الإِثْمَ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَصْنَعُونَ
(Why do not the Rabbaniyyun and the Ahbar forbid them from uttering sinful words and from eating illegal things. Evil indeed is that which they have been performing.) meaning why don't the Rabbaniyyun and the Ahbar forbid them from this evil The Rabbaniyyun are the scholars who are in positions of authority, while the Ahbar are the regular scholars.
لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَصْنَعُونَ
(Evil indeed is that which they have been performing.) referring to the Rabbaniyyun, as `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas, because they abandoned forbidding evil. Ibn Jarir recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "There is no Ayah in the Qur'an that has more severe admonition than this Ayah,
لَوْلاَ يَنْهَـهُمُ الرَّبَّـنِيُّونَ وَالاٌّحْبَارُ عَن قَوْلِهِمُ الإِثْمَ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَصْنَعُونَ
(Why do not the Rabbaniyyun and the Ahbar forbid them from uttering sinful words and from eating illegal things. Evil indeed is that which they have been performing.)'' Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Yahya bin Ya`mar said, " `Ali bin Abi Talib once gave a speech, which he started by praising Allah and thanking Him. He then said, `O people! Those who were before you were destroyed because they committed sins and the Rabbaniyyun and Ahbar did not forbid them from evil. When they persisted in sin, they were overcome by punishment. Therefore, enjoin righteousness and forbid evil before what they suffered also strikes you. Know that enjoining righteousness and forbidding evil does not reduce the provision or shorten the term of life.'' Imam Ahmad recorded that Jarir said that the Messenger of Allah said,
«مَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ يَكُونُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ مَنْ يَعْمَلُ بِالْمَعَاصِي هُمْ أَعَزُّ مِنْهُ وَأَمْنَعُ، وَلَمْ يُغَيِّرُوا إِلَّا أَصَابَهُمُ اللهُ مِنْهُ بِعَذَاب»
(There is no people among whom there are those who commit sins, while the rest are more powerful and mightier than the sinners, yet they do not stop them, but Allah will send a punishment upon them.) Ahmad was alone with this wording. Abu Dawud recorded it, but in his narration Jarir said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah saying,
«مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَكُونُ فِي قَوْمٍ يُعْمَلُ فِيهِمْ بِالْمَعَاصِي، يَقْدِرُونَ أَنْ يُغَيِّرُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَلَا يُغَيِّرُوا إِلَّا أَصَابَهُمُ اللهُ بِعِقَابٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتُوا»
(There is no one who resides among people commiting evil among them, and they do not stop him though they are able to do so, but Allah will punish them all before they die.)'' Ibn Majah also recorded this Hadith.
untuk dapat menambahkan tafsir
