فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ فَارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَأَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِنْكُمْ وَأَقِيمُوا الشَّهَادَةَ لِلَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۚ وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا
And when they have [nearly] fulfilled their term, either retain them according to acceptable terms or part with them according to acceptable terms. And bring to witness two just men from among you and establish the testimony for [the acceptance of] Allah. That is instructed to whoever should believe in Allah and the Last day. And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out
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فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ فَارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَأَشْهِدُواْ ذَوَى عَدْلٍ مِّنكُمْ وَأَقِيمُواْ الشَّهَـدَةَ لِلَّهِ ذَلِكُمْ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَن كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الاٌّخِرِ وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُ مَخْرَجاً - وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاَ يَحْتَسِبُ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَـلِغُ أَمْرِهِ قَدْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدْراً
(2. Then when they are about to attain their term appointed, either take them back in a good manner or part with them in a good manner. And take as witness two just persons from among you. And establish the testimony for Allah. That will be an admonition given to him who believes in Allah and the Last Day. And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.)
(3. And He will provide him from where he never could imagine. And whosoever puts his trust in Allah, then He will suffice him. Verily, Allah will accomplish his purpose. Indeed Allah has set a measure for all things.)
Allah the Exalted says that when the woman who is in her `Iddah nears the end of the `Iddah term, the husband must decide to reconcile with her, thus keeping their marriage together,
(in a good manner) while being kind to her in their companionship. Otherwise, he must decide to divorce her on good terms, without abusing, cursing, or admonishing her. To the contrary, he should divorce her on good terms, observing kindness and good manners.
Allah said,
وَأَشْهِدُواْ ذَوَى عَدْلٍ مِّنكُمْ
(And take as witness two just persons from among you.) meaning when taking her back, if this is your decision. Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah recorded that `Imran bin Husayn was asked about a man who divorced his wife and then had sexual intercourse with her, without notifying witnesses of when he divorced her and when he took her back. `Imran said, "His divorce and taking her back was in contradiction to the Sunnah. Incorporate the presence of witnesses for divorcing her and taking her back, and do not repeat your conduct.'' Ibn Jurayj said that `Ata' commented on the Ayah,
وَأَشْهِدُواْ ذَوَى عَدْلٍ مِّنكُمْ
(And take as witness two just persons from among you.) "It is not permissible to marry, divorce or take back the divorced wife except with two just witnesses, just as Allah the Exalted has said, except when there is a valid excuse.'' Allah's statement,
ذَلِكُمْ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَن كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الاٌّخِرِ
(That will be an admonition given to him who believes in Allah and the Last Day.) means, `this, Our command to you to have witnesses in such cases and to establish the witness, is implemented by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day.' This legislation is meant to benefit those who fear Allah's punishment in the Hereafter.
Allah said,
وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُ مَخْرَجاًوَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاَ يَحْتَسِبُ
(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out. And He will provide him from where he never could imagine.) meaning, whoever has Taqwa of Allah in what He has commanded and avoids what He has forbidden, then Allah will make a way out for him from every difficulty and will provide for him from resources he never anticipated or thought about. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "The most comprehensive Ayah in the Qur'an is,
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالإْحْسَانِ
(Verily, Allah enjoins Al-`Adl (justice) and Al-Ihsan (doing good) (16:90). The greatest Ayah in the Qur'an that contains relief is,
وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُ مَخْرَجاً
(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.)'' `Ikrimah also commented on the Ayah, "Whoever divorces as Allah commanded him, then Allah will make a way out for him.'' Similar was reported from Ibn `Abbas and Ad-Dahhak.`Abdullah bin Mas`ud and Masruq commented on the Ayah,
وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُ مَخْرَجاً
(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.) "It pertains to when one knows that if Allah wills He gives, and if He wills He deprives,
مِنْ حَيْثُ لاَ يَحْتَسِبُ
(from where he never could imagine.) from resources he did not anticipate'' Qatadah said,
وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُ مَخْرَجاً
(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.) "meaning, from every doubt and the horrors experienced at the time of death,
وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاَ يَحْتَسِبُ
(And He will provide him from where he never could imagine) from where he never thought of or anticipated.'' Allah said,
وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهُ
(And whosoever puts his trust in Allah, then He will suffice him.) Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that he rode the Prophet's camel while sitting behind the Prophet , and the Messenger of Allah said to him,
«يَا غُلَامُ إِنِّي مُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ: احْفَظِ اللهَ يَحْفَظْكَ، احْفَظِ اللهَ تَجِدْهُ تُجَاهَكَ، وَإِذَا سَأَلْتَ فَاسْأَلِ اللهَ، وَإِذَا اسْتَعَنْتَ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللهِ، وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الْأُمَّةَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَنْفَعُوكَ لَمْ يَنْفَعُوكَ إِلَّا بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللهُ لَكَ، وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَضُرُّوكَ لَمْ يَضُرُّوكَ إِلَّا بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ، رُفِعَتِ الْأَقْلَامُ وَجَفَّتِ الصُّحُف»
(O boy! I will teach you words so learn them. Be mindful of Allah and He will protect you, be mindful of Allah and He will be on your side. If you ask, ask Allah, and if you seek help, seek it from Allah. Know that if the Ummah gather their strength to bring you benefit, they will never bring you benefit, except that which Allah has decreed for you. Know that if they gather their strength to harm you, they will never harm you, except with that which Allah has decreed against you. The pens have been raised and the pages are dry.) At-Tirmidhi collected this Hadith and said: "Hasan Sahih.'' Allah's statement,
إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَـلِغُ أَمْرِهِ
(Verily, Allah will accomplish his purpose.) meaning, Allah will execute His decisions and judgement that He made for him, in whatever way He wills and chooses,
قَدْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدْراً
(Indeed Allah has set a measure for all things.) This is like His saying:
وَكُلُّ شَىْءٍ عِندَهُ بِمِقْدَارٍ
(Everything with Him is in (due) proportion.) (13:8)
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Hal itu, karena apabila mereka telah keluar dari masa âiddah, maka suami tidak ada kesempatan memilih untuk menahan (merujuk) atau menceraikan.
Tidak bermaksud membahayakan istri, menimpakan keburukan dan mengekangnya.
Yakni dengan tidak melakukan perbuatan yang dilarang, tidak mencaci-maki, bertengkar dan memaksa istri agar memberikan harta yang telah menjadi miliknya.
Yang muslim dan adil, karena mengangkat saksi dapat menutup pintu pertengkaran dan menutup sikap menyembunyikan dari keduanya sesuatu yang mesti dijelaskan.
Untuk rujuk atau talaknya.
Yakni tegakkanlah persaksian itu sesuai keadaan yang sebenarnya tanpa kurang tanpa lebih, dan niatkanlah untuk mencari keridhaan Allah, serta tidak memperhatikan kerabat karena kedekatannya atau kawan karena disenanginya.
Yang demikian karena orang yang beriman kepada Allah dan hari akhir mengharuskannya segera sadar terhadap nasihat Allah, menyiapkan amal saleh yang bisa dilakukannya untuk akhirat, berbeda dengan orang yang iman telah berpindah dari hatinya, maka ia tidak peduli terhadap perbuatannya yang disiapkan untuk akhirat baik atau buruk, dia juga tidak memuliakan nasihat-nasihat Allah.
Oleh karena talak terkadang membuat seseorang merasakan kesempitan, kesedihan dan penderitaan, maka Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala memerintahkan untuk bertakwa kepada-Nya, dan barang siapa yang bertakwa kepada Allah baik dalam masalah talak maupun lainnya, maka Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala akan membukakan jalan keluar baginya. Oleh karena itu, apabila seseorang ingin mentalak, lalu ia menjatuhkannya sesuai syariat, yaitu menatuhkannya sekali tidak pada masa istri haidh atau masa suci yang telah dicampuri, maka urusannya tidak akan sempit, bahkan Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala memberikan celah dan jalan keluar agar ia dapat merujuk istrinya jika ia menyesal melakukan talak.
Karena Al âIbrah bi âumuumil lafzh laa bikhushuusis sabab (Yang dijadikan patokan adalah umumnya lafaz; bukan khususnya sebab), maka orang yang bertakwa kepada Allah dan mengutamakan keridhaan Allah dalam semua keadaannya, Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala akan membalasnya di dunia dan akhirat. Di antara sekian balasannya adalah Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala berikan jalan keluar dari setiap kesulitan dan kesempitan. Sebagaimana orang yang bertakwa kepada Allah, akan dibukakan jalan keluar baginya, maka orang yang tidak bertakwa kepada Allah, akan terjatuh ke dalam kesempitan, beban dan belenggu yang sulit keluar dan lolos darinya. Digunakan talak sebagai contohnya, karena jika seorang tidak bertakwa kepada Allah dalam masalah talak, misalnya ia menjatuhkan talak dengan cara yang diharamkan seperti langsung tiga kali, maka ia tentu akan menyesal dengan penyesalan yang tidak mungkin dapat dikejar lagi.
