وَإِذْ قَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ لَا مُقَامَ لَكُمْ فَارْجِعُوا ۚ وَيَسْتَأْذِنُ فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمُ النَّبِيَّ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوْرَةٌ وَمَا هِيَ بِعَوْرَةٍ ۖ إِنْ يُرِيدُونَ إِلَّا فِرَارًا
And when a faction of them said, "O people of Yathrib, there is no stability for you [here], so return [home]." And a party of them asked permission of the Prophet, saying, "Indeed, our houses are unprotected," while they were not exposed. They did not intend except to flee.
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هُنَالِكَ ابْتُلِىَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَزُلْزِلُواْ زِلْزَالاً شَدِيداً - وَإِذْ يَقُولُ الْمُنَـفِقُونَ وَالَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ مَّا وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ إِلاَّ غُرُوراً وَإِذْ قَالَت طَّآئِفَةٌ مِّنْهُمْ يأَهْلَ .يَثْرِبَ لاَ مُقَامَ لَكُمْ فَارْجِعُواْ وَيَسْتَأْذِنُ فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُمُالنَّبِىَّ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوْرَةٌ وَمَا هِىَ بِعَوْرَةٍ إِن يُرِيدُونَ إِلاَّ فِرَاراً
(11. There, the believers were tried and shaken with a mighty shaking. )
(12. And when the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease said: "Allah and His Messenger promised us nothing but delusion!'')
(13. And when a party of them said: "O people of Yathrib! There is no postition for you. Therefore go back!'' And a band of them ask for permission of the Prophet saying: "Truly, our homes lie open.'' And they lay not open. They but wished to flee.)
Allah tells us what happened when the Confederates surrounded Al-Madinah and the Muslims were besieged and found themselves in straitened circumstances, with the Messenger of Allah in their midst. They were tried and tested, and were shaken with a mighty shaking. At this time hypocrisy emerged, and those in whose hearts was a disease spoke about what they really felt.
وَإِذْ يَقُولُ الْمُنَـفِقُونَ وَالَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ مَّا وَعَدَنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ إِلاَّ غُرُوراً
(And when the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease said: "Allah and His Messenger promised us nothing but delusion!'') Their hypocrisy became apparent, while the one in whose heart was doubt became weak, and he expressed the ideas that were in his heart because of the weakness of his faith and the difficulty of the situation. And other people said, as Allah tells us:
وَإِذْ قَالَت طَّآئِفَةٌ مِّنْهُمْ يأَهْلَ .يَثْرِبَ
(And when a party of them said: "O people of Yathrib...'') meaning Al-Madinah, as it was reported in the Sahih:
«أُرِيتُ فِي الْمَنَامِ دَارَ هِجْرَتِكُمْ، أَرْضٌ بَيْنَ حَرَّتَيْنِ، فَذَهَبَ وَهَلِي أَنَّهَا هَجَرُ فَإِذَا هِيَ يَثْرِب»
(I was shown in a dream the place to which you will migrate, a land between two lava fields. At first I thought it was Hajar, but it turned out to be Yathrib.) According to another narration:
(Al-Madinah. ) It was said that the origin of its name Yathrib was that a man settled there from (the people of) Al-`Amaliq whose name was Yathrib bin `Ubayd bin Mahlayil bin `Aws bin `Amlaq bin Lawudh bin Iram bin Sam bin Nuh. This was the view of As-Suhayli. He said: "And it was narrated from some of them that he said, `It is given eleven names in the Tawrah: Al-Madinah, Tabah, Tayyibah, Al-Miskinah, Al-Jabirah, Al-Muhibbah, Al-Mahbubah, Al-Qasimah, Al-Majburah, Al-`Adhra' and Al-Marhumah.''' r
لاَ مُقَامَ لَكُمْ
(There is no position for you.) means, `here, with the Prophet , you cannot stand guard,'
(Therefore go back) means, `to your houses and dwellings'.
وَيَسْتَأْذِنُ فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُمُ النَّبِىَّ
(And a band of them ask for permission of the Prophet) Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him said, "These were Banu Harithah, who said, `We fear for our homes, that they may be robbed.''' This was also stated by others. Ibn Ishaq mentioned that the one who said this was `Aws bin Qayzi. They were using as an excuse to go back to their houses the claim that they were lying open and had nothing to protect them from the enemy, so they were afraid for their homes. But Allah said:
وَمَا هِىَ بِعَوْرَةٍ
(And they lay not open.) meaning, it is not as they claim.
إِن يُرِيدُونَ إِلاَّ فِرَاراً
(They but wished to flee.) means, they wanted to run away from the battlefield.
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Yaitu kaum munafik. Ketika mereka keluh kesah, kurang kesabarannya, sehingga menjadi orang-orang yang mengendorkan semangat kaum mukmin.
Mereka melupakan nama yang baru bagi kota itu, yaitu Madinah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa agama dan persaudaraan iman tidak memiliki arti apa-apa dalam hati mereka.
Ke rumah-rumahmu di Madinah. Ketika itu mereka keluar bersama Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam ke gunung Silaâ yang berada di luar Madinah untuk berperang. Golongan kaum munafik ini adalah golongan yang paling buruk dan paling merugikan, melumpuhkan jihad dan jelas sekali, bahwa mereka tidak memiliki kemampuan untuk melawan musuh. Selain golongan ini ada pula golongan yang lain, yang berada di belakang, mereka berada di belakang karena rasa takut dan sifat pengecut, mereka lebih suka di belakang barisan, sehingga mereka mengemukakan berbagai alasan yang batil agar dimaafkan sebagaimana yang dijelaskan dalam lanjutan ayat di atas.
Yakni dalam bahaya, dan kami mengkhawatirkan serangan musuh terhadapnya, sedangkan kami tidak berada di sana. Oleh karena itu, izinkanlah kepada kami untuk pulang, agar kami dapat menjaga rumah kami. Ucapan mereka ini sebagaimana dalam ayat di atas adalah dusta. Iman mereka lemah, dan tidak kokoh ketika menghadai fitnah.
