وَإِنَّ مِنْكُمْ لَمَنْ لَيُبَطِّئَنَّ فَإِنْ أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَالَ قَدْ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ إِذْ لَمْ أَكُنْ مَعَهُمْ شَهِيدًا
And indeed, there is among you he who lingers behind; and if disaster strikes you, he says, "Allah has favored me in that I was not present with them."
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يَـأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ خُذُواْ حِذْرَكُمْ فَانفِرُواْ ثُبَاتٍ أَوِ انْفِرُواْ جَمِيعاً - وَإِنَّ مِنْكُمْ لَمَن لَّيُبَطِّئَنَّ فَإِنْ أَصَـبَتْكُمْ مُّصِيبَةٌ قَالَ قَدْ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَىَّ إِذْ لَمْ أَكُنْ مَّعَهُمْ شَهِيداً - وَلَئِنْ أَصَـبَكُمْ فَضْلٌ مِنَ الله لَيَقُولَنَّ كَأَن لَّمْ تَكُنْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ مَوَدَّةٌ يلَيتَنِى كُنتُ مَعَهُمْ فَأَفُوزَ فَوْزاً عَظِيماً - فَلْيُقَاتِلْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ يَشْرُونَ الْحَيَوةَ الدُّنْيَا بِالاٌّخِرَةِ وَمَن يُقَـتِلْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيُقْتَلْ أَو يَغْلِبْ فَسَوْفَ نُؤْتِيهِ أَجْراً عَظِيماً
(71. O you who believe! Take your precautions, and either go forth (on an expedition) in parties, or go forth all together.)
(72. There is certainly among you he who would linger behind. If a misfortune befalls you, he says, "Indeed Allah has favored me in that I was not present among them.'')
(73. But if a bounty comes to you from Allah, he would surely say
as if there had never been ties of affection between you and him, "Oh! I wish I had been with them; then I would have achieved a great success.'')
(74. So fight those who trade the life of this world with the Hereafter, in the cause of Allah, and whoever fights in the cause of Allah, and is killed or gets victory, We shall bestow on him a great reward.)
Allah commands His faithful servants to take precautions against their enemies, by being prepared with the necessary weapons and supplies, and increasing the number of troops fighting in His cause.
(in parties) means, group after group, party after party, and expedition after expedition. `Ali bin Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said that,
فَانفِرُواْ ثُبَاتٍ
(and either go forth in parties) means, "In groups, expedition after expedition,
أَوِ انْفِرُواْ جَمِيعاً
(or go forth all together), means, all of you.'' Similar was reported from Mujahid, `Ikrimah, As-Suddi, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, `Ata' Al-Khurrasani, Muqatil bin Hayyan and Khusayf Al-Jazari.
Allah said,
وَإِنَّ مِنْكُمْ لَمَن لَّيُبَطِّئَنَّ
(There is certainly among you he who would linger behind.) Mujahid and others said that this Ayah was revealed about the hypocrites. Muqatil bin Hayyan said that,
(linger behind) means, stays behind and does not join Jihad. It is also possible that this person himself lingers behind, while luring others away from joining Jihad. For instance, `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul, may Allah curse him, used to linger behind and lure other people to do the same and refrain from joining Jihad, as Ibn Jurayj and Ibn Jarir stated. This is why Allah said about the hypocrite, that when he lingers behind from Jihad, then:
فَإِنْ أَصَـبَتْكُمْ مُّصِيبَةٌ
(If a misfortune befalls you) death, martyrdom, or - by Allah's wisdom - being defeated by the enemy,
قَالَ قَدْ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَىَّ إِذْ لَمْ أَكُنْ مَّعَهُمْ شَهِيداً
(he says, "Indeed Allah has favored me that I was not present among them.'') meaning, since I did not join them in battle. Because he considers this one of Allah's favors on him, unaware of the reward that he might have gained from enduring war or martyrdom, if he was killed.
وَلَئِنْ أَصَـبَكُمْ فَضْلٌ مِنَ الله
(But if a bounty comes to you from Allah) such as victory, triumph and booty,
لَيَقُولَنَّ كَأَن لَّمْ تَكُنْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ مَوَدَّةٌ
(he would surely say - as if there had never been ties of affection between you and him,) meaning, as if he was not a follower of your religion,
يلَيتَنِى كُنتُ مَعَهُمْ فَأَفُوزَ فَوْزاً عَظِيماً
("Oh! I wish I had been with them; then I would have achieved a great success.'') by being assigned a share of the booty and taking possession of that share. This is his ultimate aim and objective.
Allah then said,
(So fight) the believer with an aversion (to fighting),
فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ يَشْرُونَ الْحَيَوةَ الدُّنْيَا بِالاٌّخِرَةِ
(those who trade the life of this world with the Hereafter) referring to those sell their religion for the meager goods of the world, and they only do this because of their disbelief and lack of faith. Allah then said;
وَمَن يُقَـتِلْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيُقْتَلْ أَو يَغْلِبْ فَسَوْفَ نُؤْتِيهِ أَجْراً عَظِيماً
(And whoever fights in the cause of Allah, and is killed or gets victory, We shall bestow on him a great reward.) meaning, whoever fights in the cause of Allah, whether he was killed or triumphant, he will earn an immense compensation and a great reward with Allah. The Two Sahihs recorded,
«وَتَكَفَّلَ اللهُ لِلْمُجَاهِدِ فِي سَبِيلِهِ، إِنْ تَوَفَّاهُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ، أَوْ يَرْجِعَهُ إِلى مَسْكَنِهِ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنْهُ، بِمَا نَالَ مِنْ أَجْرٍ أَوْ غَنِيمَة»
(Allah has guaranteed the Mujahid in His cause that He will either bring death to him, admitting into Paradise; or, He will help him return safely to his home with whatever reward and booty he gained.)
untuk dapat menambahkan tafsir
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Mereka ini adalah orang-orang mukmin yang lemah iman, namun ada yang mengatakan bahwa mereka ini adalah orang-orang munafik. Yang rajih adalah yang pertama, yakni orang-orang mukmin yang lemah iman berdasarkan kata-kata "di antara kamu", yang tertuju kepada kaum mukmin, dan kata-kata "seakan-akan belum pernah ada hubungan kasih sayang antara kamu dengan dia", sedangkan antara orang-orang kafir, orang-orang musyrik dan orang-orang munafik tidak memiliki hubungan kasih sayang dengan orang-orang mukmin. Di samping itu, karena kaum mukmin ada dua golongan; yang kuat imannya dan yang lemah imannya. Orang mukmin yang kuat imannya membuat mereka berani berjihad, sedangkan orang mukmin yang masih lemah imannya tidak berani berjihad. Dari perkataan mereka "Sungguh, Allah telah memberikan nikmat kepadaku karena aku tidak ikut berperang bersama mereka" dapat diketahui bahwa yang dicita-citakan oleh orang-orang yang berat berjihad itu tidak lain adalah kehidupan dunia dan kesenangannya. Cita-cita seperti ini tidak lain karena kurangnya ilmu dan akal mereka, dan tidak mengetahuinya tentang hakikat kehidupan dunia.
Terbunuh atau kalah dalam pertempuran.
Kata-kata ini diucapkan karena kelemahan akal dan imannya, di mana ia mengira bahwa tidak berangkat jihad yang di sana seseorang bisa mendapatkan musibah merupakan kenikmatan, padahal nikmat yang sesungguhnya adalah ketika seseorang mendapat taufiq untuk dapat menjalankan ketaatan yang besar ini, di mana di dalamnya menguatkan iman, menyelamatkan hamba dari siksa dan kerugian, memperoleh pahala yang besar dan keridaan Ar Rahman. Adapun duduk tidak berangkat berjihad, meskipun ada istirahatnya namun hanya sebentar, dan setelahnya adalah keletihan yang panjang, penderitaan yang besar dan tidak memperoleh apa yang diperoleh para mujahid.
