وَإِنْ كَادُوا لَيَسْتَفِزُّونَكَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ لِيُخْرِجُوكَ مِنْهَا ۖ وَإِذًا لَا يَلْبَثُونَ خِلَافَكَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا
And indeed, they were about to drive you from the land to evict you therefrom. And then [when they do], they will not remain [there] after you, except for a little.
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(And they indeed wished to scare thee from the land…) [17:76]. Said Ibn ‘Abbas: “The Jews resentfullyenvied the settling of the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, in Medina, and so they said: ‘TheProphets were only sent in Syria; if you are truly a prophet, you should go over there. And if you go there,we will believe and have faith in you’. The Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, liked what he heardfrom them, since he was keen that they embrace Islam. He left Medina but when he had traversed a day’sjourney, Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse”. ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ghunm said: “The Jews went to seethe Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, and said: ‘If you are truthful about being a prophet ofAllah, then you should go to Syria, for the latter is the land of Resurrection and Mustering [on the Day ofJudgement] as it is the land of prophets’. He believed what they said. And when he went for the Battle ofTabuk, he had the intention of going to Syria. But when he reached Tabuk, Allah, exalted is He, revealed(And they indeed wished to scare thee from the land)”. Mujahid, Qatadah and al-Hasan said: “The people ofMecca were on the verge of driving the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, out ofMecca, when Allah, exalted is He, commanded him to leave. He revealed this verse to inform him of whatthe people of Mecca intended to do”.
وَإِن كَادُواْ لَيَسْتَفِزُّونَكَ مِنَ الاٌّرْضِ لِيُخْرِجُوكَ مِنْهَا وَإِذًا لاَّ يَلْبَثُونَ خِلَـفَكَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً - سُنَّةَ مَن قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِن رُّسُلِنَا وَلاَ تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلاً
(76. And verily, they were about to frighten you so much as to drive you out from the land. But in that case, they would not have stayed (therein) after you, except for a little while.)
(77. A Sunnah with which We sent Our Messengers before you and you will not find any alteration in Our Sunnah.)
This was revealed concerning the disbelievers among the Quraysh, when they wanted to expel the Messenger of Allah from among themselves. So Allah issued a warning to them in this Ayah, telling them that if they expelled him, they would not stay in Makkah for very long after that. And this is what happened after he migrated from them when their persecution became so intense. Only a year and a half after that, Allah brought him and them together on the battlefield of Badr, without any pre-arranged appointment, and He caused him to prevail over them and defeat them, so he killed their leaders and took their families as captives. Hence Allah said:
سُنَّةَ مَن قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا
(A Sunnah with which We sent) meaning this is what We usually do to those who reject Our Messengers and persecute them by driving the Messenger out from among themselves - the punishment comes to them. If it were not for the fact that the Prophet was the Messenger of Mercy, vengeance would have come upon them such as had never been seen before in this world. So Allah says:
وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَأَنتَ فِيهِمْ
(And Allah would not punish them while you are among them.) 8:33
أَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَى غَسَقِ الَّيْلِ وَقُرْءَانَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْءَانَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا
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Yang demikian karena kebencian mereka yang begitu dalam kepada Beliau.
Syaikh As Sa'diy berkata, âDan ketika orang-orang kafir membuat makar terhadap Beliau serta mengeluarkan Beliau (dari Mekah), ternyata mereka tidak tinggal (di dunia) kecuali sebentar, sehingga Allah membinasakan mereka di Badar, tokoh-tokoh mereka terbunuh dan kekuatan mereka pecah, maka segala puji bagi-Nya. Dalam ayat ini terdapat dalil butuhnya seorang hamba kepada peneguhan Allah terhadap dirinya, dan bahwa sepatutnya bagi dirinya senantiasa mencari keridhaan Tuhannya; meminta kepada-Nya agar diteguhkan di atas keimanan sambil berusaha melakukan semua sebab yang dapat mencapai ke arah itu, karena Nabi shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam adalah makhluk yang paling sempurna, namun Allah tetap berfirman kepadanya, âDan sekiranya Kami tidak memperteguh(hati)mu, niscaya engkau hampir saja condong sedikit kepada mereka.â Lalu bagaimana dengan selain Beliau?â
