وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ ذُكِّرَ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهَا وَنَسِيَ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ ۚ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً أَنْ يَفْقَهُوهُ وَفِي آذَانِهِمْ وَقْرًا ۖ وَإِنْ تَدْعُهُمْ إِلَى الْهُدَىٰ فَلَنْ يَهْتَدُوا إِذًا أَبَدًا
And who is more unjust than one who is reminded of the verses of his Lord but turns away from them and forgets what his hands have put forth? Indeed, We have placed over their hearts coverings, lest they understand it, and in their ears deafness. And if you invite them to guidance - they will never be guided, then - ever.
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وَتِلْكَ الْقُرَى أَهْلَكْنَـهُمْ لَمَّا ظَلَمُواْ وَجَعَلْنَا لِمَهْلِكِهِم مَّوْعِدًا
(57. And who does more wrong than he who is reminded of the Ayat (signs) of his Lord, but turns away from them, forgetting what his hands have sent forth. Truly, We have set over their hearts Akinnah, lest they should understand this (the Qur'an), and in their ears, deafness. And if you call them to guidance, even then they will never be guided.)
(58. And your Lord is Most Forgiving, Owner of mercy. Were He to call them to account for what they have earned, then surely, He would have hastened their punishment. But they have their appointed time, beyond which they will find no escape.)
(59. And these towns, We destroyed them when they did wrong. And We appointed a fixed time for their destruction.)
Allah says, `Who among My creatures does more wrong than one who is reminded of the signs of Allah then turns away from them,' i.e., ignores them and does not listen or pay attention to them.
وَنَسِىَ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ
(forgetting what his hands have sent forth.) means, bad deeds and evil actions.
إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ
(Truly, We have set over their hearts) means, the hearts of these people,
(Akinnah) means, coverings.
أَن يَفْقَهُوهُ
(lest they should understand this,) means, so that they will not understand this Qur'an and its clear Message
وَفِى ءَاذَانِهِمْ وَقْرًا
(and in their ears, deafness.) means that they will be deaf in an abstract way, to guidance.
وَإِن تَدْعُهُمْ إِلَى الْهُدَى فَلَنْ يَهْتَدُواْ إِذاً أَبَداً
(And if you call them to guidance, even then they will never be guided.)
وَرَبُّكَ الْغَفُورُ ذُو الرَّحْمَةِ
(And your Lord is Most Forgiving, Owner of mercy.) means, `your Lord, O Muhammad, is forgiving and has great mercy.'
لَوْ يُؤَاخِذُهُم بِمَا كَسَبُواْ لَعَجَّلَ لَهُمُ الْعَذَابَ
(Were He to call them to account for what they have earned, then surely, He would have hastened their punishment.) This is like the Ayah:
وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ
(And if Allah were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving creature on the surface of the earth.) 35:45
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَى ظُلْمِهِمْ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ
(But verily, your Lord is full of forgiveness for mankind in spite of their wrongdoing. And verily, your Lord is (also) severe in punishment) 13:6. And there are many Ayat which say the same thing. Then Allah tells us that He is patient, He conceals faults and forgives sins. He may guide some of them from wrongdoing to true guidance, and whoever continues in his evil ways, then there will come to him a Day when infants will turn grey and every pregnant female will shed her load. He says:
بَل لَّهُم مَّوْعِدٌ لَّن يَجِدُواْ مِن دُونِهِ مَوْئِلاً
(But they have their appointed time, beyond which they will find no escape.) meaning, they will find no way out.
وَتِلْكَ الْقُرَى أَهْلَكْنَـهُمْ لَمَّا ظَلَمُواْ
(And these towns, We destroyed them when they did wrong.) This refers to earlier nations in times past; `We destroyed them because of their stubborn disbelief.'
وَجَعَلْنَا لِمَهْلِكِهِم مَّوْعِدًا
(And We appointed a fixed time for their destruction.) `We appointed for them a set time limit, not to be increased or decreased. The same applies to you, O ido- lators, so beware or what happened to them will happen to you too, for you have rejected the noblest Messenger and greatest Prophet, and you are not dearer to Us than them, so fear My punishment and wrath.'
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Diterangkan kebenaran dan petunjuk kepadanya serta diberi targhib dan tarhib.
Berupa kekafiran dan kemaksiatan serta tidak merasakan pengawasan Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala. Ia tidak ingat peringatan itu dan tidak kembali dari sikap itu. Ia lebih zalim daripada orang yang berpaling karena belum datang ayat-ayat Allah kepadanya, meskipun ia zalim juga, namun masih di bawah orang yang tadi. Hal itu, karena orang yang bermaksiat di atas ilmu jelas lebih besar dosanya daripada orang yang tidak seperti itu. Oleh karena orang tersebut berpaling dari ayat-ayat-Nya, melupakan dosa-dosanya, ridha dengan keburukan terhadap dirinya padahal dia mengetahui, maka Allah hukum dengan menutup pintu-pintu hidayah, yakni dengan menjadikan hatinya tertutup sehingga ia tidak dapat memahami ayat-ayat Allah meskipun mendengarnya.
Jika keadaan mereka seperti ini, maka tidak ada jalan untuk menunjukkan mereka.
Yang demikian karena ketika mereka melihat yang hak (benar), mereka tinggalkan, ketika melihat yang batil mereka malah menempuhnya, maka Allah hukum dengan mengunci hati mereka dan mengecapnya, sehingga tidak ada cara dan jalan untuk memberinya petunjuk. Dalam ayat di atas terdapat ancaman bagi orang yang meninggalkan kebenaran setelah mengetahuinya.
