وَمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ ۚ إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرٌ وَقُرْآنٌ مُبِينٌ
And We did not give Prophet Muhammad, knowledge of poetry, nor is it befitting for him. It is not but a message and a clear Qur'an
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وَمَن نّعَمِّرْهُ نُنَكِّـسْهُ فِى الْخَلْقِ أَفَلاَ يَعْقِلُونَ - وَمَا عَلَّمْنَـهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنبَغِى لَهُ إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ ذِكْرٌ وَقُرْءَانٌ مُّبِينٌ - لِّيُنذِرَ مَن كَانَ حَيّاً وَيَحِقَّ الْقَوْلُ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ
(68. And he whom We grant long life -- We reverse him in creation. Will they not then understand)
(69. And We have not taught him poetry, nor is it suitable for him. This is only a Reminder and a plain Qur'an.)
(70. That he or it may give warning to him who is living, and that Word may be justified against the disbelievers.)
This is like the Ayah:
اللَّهُ الَّذِى خَلَقَكُمْ مِّن ضَعْفٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِن بَعْدِ ضَعْفٍ قُوَّةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِن بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ ضَعْفاً وَشَيْبَةً يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَهُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْقَدِيرُ
(Allah is He Who created you in (a state of) weakness, then gave you strength after weakness, then after strength gave weakness and gray hair. He creates what He wills. And it is He Who is the All-Knowing, the All-Powerful.) (30:54). And Allah says:
وَمِنكُمْ مَّن يُرَدُّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ لِكَيْلاَ يَعْلَمَ مِن بَعْدِ عِلْمٍ شَيْئاً
(And among you there is he who is brought back to the miserable old age, so that he knows nothing after having known) (22:5). The meaning here -- and Allah knows best -- is that Allah is telling us that this world is transient and will come to an end, it is not eternal and lasting. Allah says:
أَفَلاَ يَعْقِلُونَ
(Will they not then understand) meaning, will they not think about how they were created, then they become gray-haired, then they become old and senile, so that they may know that they were created for another world that is not transient and will not pass away, and from which there is no way out, which is the Hereafter.
وَمَا عَلَّمْنَـهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنبَغِى لَهُ
(And We have not taught him poetry, nor is it suitable for him.) Allah tells us that He has not taught His Prophet Muhammad poetry.
وَمَا يَنبَغِى لَهُ
(nor is it suitable for him.) means, he did not know how to compose it, he did not like it and he had no natural inclination towards it. It was narrated that he never memorized a stanza of poetry with the correct meter or rhyme -- he would transpose words or memorize it incompletely. In Ad-Dala'il, Al-Bayhaqi recorded that the Messenger of Allah said to Al-`Abbas bin Mirdas As-Sulami, may Allah be pleased with him:
«أَنْتَ الْقَائِلُ: أَتَجْعَلُ نَهْبِي وَنَهْبَ الْعُبَيدِ بَيْنَ الْأَقْرَعِ وَعُيَيْنَة»
(You are the one who said: "Do you distribute my booty and the booty of the servants between Al-Aqra` and `Uyainah.'') He said, "It is `Uyainah and Al-Aqra`.'' He said:
«الْكُلُّ سَوَاء»
(It is all the same.) i.e., it means the same thing. And Allah knows best. This is because Allah taught him the Qur'an, which
لاَّ يَأْتِيهِ الْبَـطِلُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَلاَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ تَنزِيلٌ مِّنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ
(Falsehood cannot come to it from before it or behind it; sent down by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise.) (41:42). This is not poetry, as some of the ignorant disbelievers of the Quraysh claimed; neither is it sorcery, a fabrication or a magic spell, as the misguided and ignorant people variously suggested. The Prophet was naturally disinclined to compose verse, and was forbidden to do so by Divine Law.
إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ ذِكْرٌ وَقُرْءَانٌ مُّبِينٌ
(This is only a Reminder and a plain Qur'an.) means, it is clear and self-explanatory to the one who ponders and comprehends its meanings, Allah says:
لِّيُنذِرَ مَن كَانَ حَيّاً
(That he or it may give warning to him who is living,) meaning, so that this plain Qur'an might warn every living person on the face of the earth. This is like the Ayat:
لاٌّنذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَن بَلَغَ
(that I may therewith warn you and whomsoever it may reach) (6:19).
وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ
(but those of the sects that reject it, the Fire will be their promised meeting place) (11:17). Those who will benefit from his warning will be those whose hearts are alive and who have enlightened insight, as Qatadah said, "Alive of heart and alive of insight.'' Ad-Dahhak said, "This means wise.''
وَيَحِقَّ الْقَوْلُ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ
(and that Word may be justified against the disbelievers.) means, it is a mercy to the believers and evidence against the disbelievers.
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Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala membersihkan Nabi-Nya Muhamma shallallahu 'alaihi wa sallam dari tuduhan yang disampaikan orang-orang kafir, yaitu bahwa Beliau adalah penyair dan bahwa yang Beliau bawa adalah syair.
Maksudnya tidak mungkin Beliau penyair karena Beliau adalah seorang yang cerdas dan memperoleh petunjuk, sedangkan para penyair rata-rata orang yang sesat dan diikuti oleh orang-orang yang sesat, dan karena Allah Subhaanahu wa Ta'aala telah menyingkirkan semua syubhat yang dipakai orang-orang yang tersesat untuk mengingkari kerasulan Beliau, Beliau seorang yang tidak mampu baca-tulis sehingga apa yang Beliau bawa adalah betul-betul wahyu dari Allah âAzza wa Jalla. Allah juga memberitahukan bahwa Dia tidak mengajarkan syair kepadanya, dan hal itu tidak pantas baginya. Atau bisa juga maksudnya, tidak mudah baginya membuat syair, yakni Beliau tidak mampu membuatnya, sehingga apa yang Beliau bawa bukanlah syair.
Yakni peringatan untuk mengingatkan orang-orang yang berakal terhadap semua tuntutan agama, Al Qurâan mengandung semua tuntutan itu, serta mengingatkan akal apa yang Allah tanamkan dalam fitrahnya berupa perintah mengerjakan semua yang baik dan melarang semua yang buruk.
Menjelaskan hukum-hukum dan hal lain yang dibutuhkan. Tidak disebutkan maâmul (objeknya) untuk menerangkan bahwa Al Qurâan menerangkan semua yang hak dengan dalil-dalilnya yang tafshil (rinci) maupun ijmal (garis besar), demikian pula menerangkan yang batil dan dalil-dalil kebatilannya.
